广西不同年龄组急性中毒特点分析  

Epidemiological features of acute poisoning in Guangxi

作　　者：蒋东方 张振明 刘清华[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西职业病防治研究院,广西南宁530021 [2]广西医科大学

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2013年第6期431-434,共4页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生厅重点项目(重200932)

摘　　要：目的探讨广西各年龄组急性中毒原因与毒物。方法调查63家医院收集6 005例急性中毒,作各年龄组间相关因素病例数比较。结果各年龄组间城乡男女病例数比较:20～35和36～60岁组(2 038、2 080例)占总病例68.81%,以城镇20～35和农村36～60岁组女性(554、768例,占同组病例数的27.18%、36.92%)最多。各年龄组间各中毒原因病例数比较:<19岁组误食性、20～35岁组自杀性、36～60与>61岁组意外性(537、893、852、249例,占同组病例数的42.65%、43.67%、40.80%、40.62%)为最多。各年龄组间各类毒物病例数比较:4个年龄组均以农药类病例数最多(各为:372、885、997、293例,占同组病例数的29.62%、43.23%、47.73%、47.80%)。城乡20～60岁组女性中毒原因与毒物分析:城镇女性两个年龄组的意外原因(269、178例,占同组病例数的48.56%、53.45%)和化学类病例数(196、116例,占同组病例数的35.38%、34.83%)最多;而农村女性两个年龄组的自杀原因(444、368例,占同组病例数的66.17%、47.92%)和农药类病例数(494、548例,占同组病例数的73.62%、71.35%)最多。结论广西急性中毒以20～60岁人群为主,其中女性最多;以农药类与化学类致自杀与意外中毒为主,城乡间中毒原因与毒物类别有明显不同。Objective To discuss the causes and toxicants of acute poisoning among different age groups in Guangxi. Methods 6005 cases of acute poisoning from 63 hospitals were collected and analyzed in age groups to compare the relevant factors. Results 68.81% of total cases were in 20-35 and 36-60 age groups, and the majority were females aged 20-35 from urban area （27.18%） and 36-60 age group from rural area （36.92 %） . The analysis of the causes of poisoning revealed that 42.65 % cases in under 19 age group mistakenly took the poison, and 43.67% cases in 20-35 age group were poisoned for suicide, in age groups of 36-60 and over 60-, close to 40% were accidentally poisoned. It was also found that pesticide was the most common toxicant in each age group, followed by chemical substances. Females in 20-60 age groups from urban area were more likely to be poisoned accidentally and by chemical substances, however those from rural area were more vulnerable to pesticide and be poisoned for suicide. Conclusions The majority of acute poisoning cases in Guangxi are in 20-60 age group, especially females. Pesticide and chemical substances are major toxicants which are taken by accident or for suicide. There are differences in terms of poisoning causes and toxicant type between cases from urban and rural areas.

关 键 词：急性中毒 年龄分组 中毒原因与毒物 

分 类 号：R595[医药卫生—内科学]