改性黏土对褐潮生物种Aureococcus anophagefferens的去除研究  

Study on removal of brown tide—Aureococcus anophagefferens by modified clay

作　　者：张雅琪[1,2] 俞志明[1] 宋秀贤[1] 曹西华[1] 刘扬[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《海洋学报》2013年第3期197-203,共7页

基　　金：国家基金委"创新研究群体科学基金"项目(41121064);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2010CB428706);国家自然科学青年基金项目(40906055)

摘　　要：褐潮是一种由微微型藻引发的藻华,已连续4年在渤海海域暴发,给当地带来巨大的经济损失。目前,在褐潮尚不能有效预防、预控情况下,如何控制和减少其对生态环境和沿海经济带来的危害,成为一个急需解决的问题。利用改性黏土消除藻华是一种快速有效、并得以多次现场成功应用的方法。考察比较了多种不同产地、不同类型的黏土及其改性后对褐潮生物种Aureococcusanophagefferens(抑食金球藻)的去除效果,选取5种典型的黏土作为主要的实验材料,开展了不同条件下黏土及其改性后对A.anophagefferens去除效率的影响研究。实验发现,因A.anophagefferens个体微小、藻华时密度大,相同用量的黏土或改性黏土对其去除效率低于常见的硅藻、甲藻生物;不同类型黏土对其去除效率有影响,高岭土的去除效率高于蒙脱土;而黏土改性后对A.anophagefferens的去除效率提高3倍以上。在此基础上,还考察分析了黏土粒径、分散介质等因素对A.anophagefferens去除效率的影响,为进一步研发安全、高效的褐潮应急消除材料做了有益探索。Brown tide is a type of harmful algal bloom caused by picoplanktonic algae.It has occured continuously since 2009and caused significant economic losses in the Bohai Sea.Controlling and reducing detrimental environmental and economic losses in affected ecosystems become an urgent problem in situations where accurate prevention and pre-control systems are not available.Mitigation of HABs by clays is an important and widely used control method.A variety of original clays and modified clays were tested on the brown tide species-Aureococcus anophagefferens and five typical clays were chosen as the main experimental material.A series of experiments that employed original and modified clays to remove Aureococcus anophagefferens were tested.The results showed that removal efficiency of Aureococcus blooms may be limited due to their small size and cellular density.The removal efficiency varied with the type of clay and kaolinite indicated better removal ability as compared to montmorillonite.After modification,all clay types showed significant improvement with more than three folds in removal rates.Additionally,application procedures that increase the concentration of original and modified clays,select the appropriate clay particle size and use fresh water as dispersion medium would achieve higher cell removal efficiency.Overall,our study laid a foundation for further research into the more efficient,environmentally removal materials and technologies that can be used as emergency control strategies for brown tide in coastal waters.

关 键 词：改性黏土 褐潮 Aureococcus anophagefferens 去除效率 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]