物种分布模型在古生物学研究中的应用  

THE APPLICATIONS OF SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS IN PALAEONTOLOGY

作　　者：张琳娜[1,2,3] 樊隽轩[2] Melchin M J 陈清[1,2,3] Wu Shuang-ye Goldman D Mitchell C M Sheets H D 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学 [2]现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所 [3]Department of Earth Sciences,St.Francis Xavier University,Antigonish,NS B2G 2W5,Canada [4]Department of Geology,University of Dayton,300 College Park,Dayton,Ohio 45469-2364,USA [5]Department of Geology,University at Buffalo,SUNY,810 Clemens Hall,Buffalo,NY 14260-4600,USA

出　　处：《古生物学报》2013年第2期146-160,共15页Acta Palaeontologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程方向性项目(KZCX2-EW-111);美国自然科学基金(EAR 0418790);国家自然科学基金(41221001;41290260和41202004)的联合资助;地质生物多样性数据库项目(Geobiodiversity Database;www.geobiodiversity.com);IGCP591项目"The Early to Middle Paleozoic Revolution"系列成果之一

摘　　要：物种分布模型(Species distribution models,SDMs)是基于物种的生态位要求,通过将物种已知的分布数据和对应地区的环境数据联系起来,以预测该物种在不同时间和空间下的地理分布的一种数学工具。它为地史时期生物地理分布的重建、生物生态特征的分析及生物与地球环境协同演化研究等提供了一种新的途径。此方法具有研究精度高、预测效果好及应用广泛等优点,尤其适合开展高精度的古生物地理、古生态及生物宏演化等相关研究。文章着重介绍物种分布模型的基本原理及建模流程,在此基础上以笔石种Tang yagraptus typicus Mu作为建模实例进一步说明物种分布建模的详细步骤,最后概述此方法在古生物研究中的适用性及存在的问题。Species distribution models （SDMs） are numerical tools that, based on niche requirements of species, relate species occurrence data at known localities with the environmental data of those localities to predict species＇ potential geographic ranges in different time intervals and regions. SDMs provide a new method for the reconstruction of geographic ranges of fossil species, the analysis of ecological characteristics of fossil species, and study of the coevolution of the Earth＇s environment and its biota. SDMs are particularly suitable for precise studies of biogeography, ecology and evolution, as they are a quantitative method that can produce robust results and high-resolution, predictive maps. This paper introduces the basic principles and the processes of species distribution models. Furthermore, we use the graptolite species, Tangyagraptus typicus Mu as a case study to describe the detailed steps of species distribution models. Finally, we discuss the suitability of the method to palaeontological studies, especially those problems inherent to palaeontological data.

关 键 词：物种分布模型 古生物学 古生物地理学 古生态学 笔石 

分 类 号：Q91[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]