尖唇散白蚁蚁后的性腺发育及卵子发生  

Gonad development and oogenesis of the queen of the termite,Reticulitermes aculabialis

作　　者：吴佳[1] 叶晨旭[1] 刘明花[1] 刘晓[1] 苏晓红[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第3期442-446,共5页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究基金资助项目(2010JM3013);西北大学研究生创新基金资助项目(YZZ12058)

摘　　要：采用组织学染色观察以及生物学测量与统计方法对尖唇散白蚁Reticulitermes aculabialis成熟蚁后的性腺发育以及卵子发生各阶段生殖细胞发育程度进行了研究,并与分飞繁殖蚁的性腺发育进行了比较。蚁后和分飞繁殖蚁性腺发育大小呈极显著性差异(P<0.01),两者卵巢纵切面长度之比为3.5∶1,宽度之比为3∶1,蚁后卵巢体积约是分飞繁殖蚁的19倍。蚁后在一个卵巢组织切面内卵巢管卵原区分布有数量较多的分化期卵原细胞,有130±9个;生长期卵母细胞有99±6个以及卵黄期卵母细胞有27±4个;而分飞繁殖蚁具卵黄的卵母细胞仅有3±1个。蚁后与分飞繁殖蚁相比,卵子发生的各个阶段的生殖细胞数目呈现极显著性差异(P<0.01)。研究表明,在新建巢群至成熟巢群的过程中,即由分飞繁殖蚁向蚁后发育的过程中,卵巢呈现逐渐增大以及生殖细胞增多的趋势,其生殖能力也逐步增强;成熟蚁后强大的产卵能力与其发达的卵巢以及庞大的生殖细胞数量有着直接关系。By using a histological dyeing method and statistical method, this study is to observe the gonad devel- opment and oogenesis of the queen of Reticulitermes aculabialis, as well as compare to the ovarian development of alate females. The size of ovary was significantly different between the queen and the alate females （P 〈 0. 01 ） and that the ratio of length and width of ovarian vertical section between the queen and the alate females was 3.5 ： 1 and 3：1 ,respectively. The volume of ovaries in the queens was 19 times that in the alate females. The number of germ cells in the queens were 130 ±9 at differentiation stage, 99 ± 6 at growth stage and 27 ± 3 at yolk forming stage. Compared with the queen, the number of vitellogenie oocytes in the reproductives was only 3. These results prove that the size of ovary of the queen, germ cell numbers, and reproductive capacity are increasing during the process from a new group to a mature nest. Reproductive capacity of the queen has a direct relationship with the size of ovary and number of oocyte.

关 键 词：白蚁 蚁后 卵巢 卵子发生 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]