从RYR1基因角度探讨猪种资源的保护与选育利用  

Discussion on the Protection,Breeding and Utilization of the Pig Breed Resources from the Perspective of RYR1 Gene

作　　者：白改翠[1] 王嵌[1] 兰国湘[1] 孔凡勇 杨培昌 张先勤 鲁绍雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]红河州畜牧技术推广站,云南蒙自661100 [3]楚雄州动物疫病预防控制中心,云南楚雄675000 [4]玉溪市畜禽改良站,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期476-481,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项项目(2012ZA018);云南省现代农业生猪产业技术体系建设项目[云财农(2012)157号]

摘　　要：采用PCR-RFLPs方法对撒坝猪、保山猪、大河猪、滇南小耳猪4个云南地方品种和杜洛克、长白、大约克、长白×大约克(LY)、PIC 5个引进品种(群体),共1 088头种猪的骨骼肌兰尼定受体(ryanodine re-ceptor,RYR1)基因C1843→T1843突变位点多态性进行了检测,并据此对猪种资源的保护和选育利用进行了探讨。上述9个品种(群体)RYR1T基因的频率分别为2.94%,2.27%,5.13%,1.85%,15.78%,4.11%,3.08%,0.39%,9.57%;23个种猪场中,有14个种猪场(占60.87%)的种猪携带有RYR1T基因,杜洛克、长白、大约克种猪的RYR1T基因频率分别为15.22%,3.73%,2.74%,平均为6.49%;45个人工授精站点中,有10个站点(占22.22%)的种猪公猪携带有RYR1T基因,杜洛克、长白、大约克种猪的RYR1T基因频率分别为18.29%,8.33%,5.00%,平均为10.18%。尽管云南地方猪品种RYR1T基因的平均频率(2.92%)低于引进品种(群体)(6.26%),但却明显高于国内其他地方猪种,很可能已发生了不同程度的RYR1T基因渗入,需引起足够重视并加强保种和选育提高。种猪场和人工授精站点种猪的RYR1T基因频率较高,尤其是广泛用作杂交终端父本的杜洛克,种猪场种猪和人工授精站点公猪的RYR1T基因频率分别高达15.22%和18.29%。为保证猪群的遗传品质和生产性能,需要加强种猪RYR1基因的监测与控制。Polymorphisms of the mutation site C^1843→T^1843 of ryanodine receptor（RYR1） gene in 1 088 breeding pigs,which sampled from 4 Yunnan local breeds,Saba pig,Baoshan pig,Dahe pig,Diannan small-ear pig and 5 introduced breeds or populations,Duroc,Landrace,Yorkshire,Landrace × Yorkshire（LY） and PIC were detected by using PCR-RFLPs technique.Based on it,the protection,breeding and utilization of pig breed resources were discussed.The frequencies of RYR1^T gene in the above 9 breeds（populations） were 2.94%,2.27%,5.13%,1.85%,15.78%,4.11%,3.08%,0.39%,9.57%,respectively.Among 23 pig breeding farms,the breeding pigs in 14 farms（60.87 percent） carried RYR1^T gene,and the frequencies of RYR1^T gene of Duroc,Landrace,Yorkshire were 15.22%,3.73%,2.74%,respectively,the average of which was 6.49 percent.Among 45 artificial insemination stations,the boars in 10 stations（22.22 percent） carried RYR1^T gene,and the frequencies of RYR1^T gene of Duroc,Landrace,Yorkshire were 18.29%,8.33%,5.00%,respectively,which the average was 10.18 percent.Although the frequency of RYR1^Tgene of Yunnan local breeds was lower than that of introduced breeds（populations）,it was higher than that of other Chinese local pig breeds.It was indicated that the introgression of RYR1^T gene were accured in different degree in these local breeds.It should be paid enough attention to this situation,and the protection,breeding should be strengthened on these breeds.The frequencies of RYR1^T gene of breeding pigs in breeding farms and artificial insemination stations were relative higher,especially those of Duroc,which was used as hybrid terminal sire.The frequencies of RYR1^T gene of Duroc in breeding farms and artificial insemination stations were 15.22% and 18.29%,respectively.It should be strengthened that the detection and control of RYR1 gene of breeding pigs in order to assure the genetic quality and performances of swine.

关 键 词：地方猪种 引进猪种 兰尼定受体基因 保种 选育利用 

分 类 号：S828.2[农业科学—畜牧学]