2种大径丛生竹林结构与生长特征  

Stand Structure and Growth Characteristics of Bambusa pervariabilis× Dendrocalamopsis daii and B.rigida

作　　者：刘广路 范少辉 蔡春菊 张大鹏 费德勒[2] 

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心竹藤科学与技术重点实验室,北京100102 [2]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2013年第4期83-87,143,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑课题(2012BAD23B04);林业公益性行业科研专项(201104021)

摘　　要：以撑绿竹和硬头黄竹为研究对象,开展了年龄、母竹留养、胸径结构和立竹密度对2种大径丛生竹生长影响的研究。结果表明:2种丛生竹结构特征对其出笋率、繁殖率和生物量增长率有重要的影响。其中,硬头黄竹退笋率随着年龄结构指标的增加而升高,繁殖率和生物量增长率随着年龄结构指标的升高而降低。撑绿竹在年龄结构0.75～1.25时,有较低的退笋率,较高的繁殖率和生物量增长率。硬头黄竹保留2～3株母竹可以取得较高的繁殖率和生物量增长率;撑绿竹保留2～5株母竹时,具有较高的繁殖率和生物量增长率。留养母竹的平均胸径并非越大越好,硬头黄竹母竹平均胸径为4.0cm时,退笋率最低,繁殖率和生物量增长率最高;撑绿竹母竹平均胸径6.5cm时,具有较低的退笋率,最高的繁殖率和生物量增长率。硬头黄竹在立竹密度6 000株.hm-2、撑绿竹在立竹密度5 818株.hm-2时,有最低的退笋率,最高的繁殖率和生物量增长率。2种大径丛生竹合理结构模式为:硬头黄竹2 000～3 000丛.hm-2,留养母竹2～3株.丛-1,年龄结构为0～0.49,母竹平均胸径4.0cm;撑绿竹1 066～2 909丛.hm-2留养母竹2～5株.丛-1,年龄结构为0.75～1.25,母竹平均胸径6.5cm。Taking the two clumping bamboo species（Bambusa pervariabilis×Dendrocalamopsis daii and B.rigida） as research objects,influences of stand structure,such as age,maintenance rates of mother plant,DBH,and the density on the growth characteristics were investigated.Significant impacts of the stand structures were observed on the rates of degraded shooting and reproducibility,and growth biomass.As the increases of stand age index,the rate of degraded shooting of B.rigida increased,while and the rates of reproducibility and biomass growth decreased.The rate of degraded shooting was lower and the rates of reproducibility and biomass growth were higher in B.pervariabilis×D.daii stands under the age structure from index 0.75 to 1.25.The higher reproductive rate and biomass growth rate were observed in B.rigida stands when the maintainance rate of mother plant were 2 to 3,and 2 to 5 for B.pervariabilis×D.daii stands.The lowest rate of degraded shooting and the highest rates of reproducibility and biomass growth were found in B.rigida stands with an average DBH of 4.0 cm,and 6.5 cm for B.pervariabilis×D.daii.The lowest rate of degraded shooting and the highest rates of reproducibility and biomass growth were observed when the densities of the two species were 6 000 and 5 818 hm-2 for B.rigida and B.pervariabilis×D.daii,respectively.The rational stand structures for the two bamboo species were recommended as follows：for B.rigida,the rational stand density：2 000-3 000 clump·hm-2,maintenance rate of mother plant：2-3 per clump,the age of mother plant： 0-0.49,and the average DBH：4.0 cm;for B.rigida,the corresponding values were 1 066-2 909 clump·hm-2,2-5 per clump,0.75-1.25,4.0 cm,and 6.5 cm,respectively.

关 键 词：撑绿竹 硬头黄竹 结构调整 生长特征 

分 类 号：S727.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]