南方砂梨返花返青发生特性及其与早期落叶的关系  

Reflorescence and Refoliation Characteristics of Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai in South China and Its Relationship with Early Defoliation

作　　者：张全军[1,2] 李文贵[1] 钟必凤[1] 邓家林[1] 张绍铃[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院园艺研究所/农业部西南地区园艺作物生物学及种质创制重点实验室,四川成都610066 [2]南京农业大学梨工程技术研究中心,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2013年第3期1160-1163,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家梨产业技术体系建设项目(NYCYTX29-37);四川省财政育种工程2012年度青年基金项目(2012QNJJ-011)

摘　　要：本文调查分析了19个砂梨栽培品种返花返青情况,以丰水、翠冠为材料,探讨了砂梨返花返青规律及其与早期落叶的关系,并对其相关性分析。结果表明,日本品种(金20世纪、澳萨20世纪、筑水等)返花返青率、早期落叶率均较高;韩国品种(黄金、园黄和新高)和中国品种(中梨一号、早美酥和翠冠)次之。从8月上旬开始,丰水和翠冠返花率均表现递增趋势,8月下旬至9月中旬出现返花高峰期,返青率亦表现出类似返花率的动态规律。相关性分析表明,砂梨返花率和返青率呈现出同步性,并且返花率、返青率和早期落叶率三者之间相关系数均达到0.930以上,相关性达到极显著水平。In this paper,a comprehensive survey of reflorescence and refoliation of 19 cultivars of Pyrus pyrifolia was conducted,taken the cultivars（Pyrus spp.cv.Hosui and Pyrus spp.cv.Cuiguan） as tested materials,the rule of reflorescence and refoliation was discussed,and its relationship with early defoliation was analyzed.The result showed that the rates of reflorescence,refoliation and early defoliation of Japanese cultivars（Gold-nijisseik,Osa-nijisseik,Chikusui else） were higher than that of Korea（hwangkumbae,Wonhwang,Niitaka） and China（Zhongliyihao,Zaomeisu and Cuiguan）.The reflorescence rate of Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai（Pyrus spp.cv.Hosui and Pyrus spp.cv.Cuiguan） increased trend with the beginning of early August,then the peak-reflorescence period of Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai appeared between late August and mid September.Dynamic rules of their refoliation were analogous to reflorescence rules.The correlation analysis indicated that the reflorescence and refoliation almost appeared at the same time,the correlation coefficients for three domains ranged in 0.930-0.995,which reached extremely significant difference at the 1 % level.

关 键 词：砂梨 返花 返青 早期落叶 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]