青海省湟水鱼类资源现状及保护对策  

The current situation and protection of fish resources in Huangshui River in Qinghai Province

作　　者：唐文家 陈毅峰 丁城志[3] 

机构地区：[1]青海省生态环境遥感监测中心,青海西宁810000 [2]中国科学研究院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430072 [3]云南大学亚洲国际河流中心,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2013年第3期307-313,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学重点基金资助项目(41030208);国家"973"计划项目(2009CB119205)

摘　　要：于2008—2010年对黄河上游最大的支流——青海省湟水进行了鱼类资源调查,并对渔业资源变化、生物多样性和鱼类面临的生态问题进行了初步的探讨。结果表明:湟水流域有鱼类36种,隶属于4目8科26属,鲤形目鱼类为主要类群,有2科19属25种,鲑形有3科4属6种,鲈形目有2科2属4种,合鳃鱼目有1科1属1种,其中土著鱼类有14种,外来鱼类有22种;湟水流域土著鱼类呈现出个体小型化趋势,生物多样性指数整体不高,水域污染、水利水电工程建设以及外来鱼类物种的入侵,对湟水鱼类资源造成了一定的威胁,为此,提出了保护湟水渔业资源的几点建议。Fish resource surveys including changes in fish stock, biodiversity and ecological problems were conducted in Huangshui River as the largest tributary of the Yellow River in upstream from year 2008 to year 2010. It was found that there were 36 fish species in this watershed, belonging to 4 orders, 8 families and 26 genera. The members in Cypriniformes were of the predominant species, including 2 families, 19 genera and 25 species; in Salmoniformes there were 3 families, 4 genera and 6 species; in Perciformes 2 families, 2 genera and 4 species were found ; and only 1 family, 1 generus and 1 species were observed in Synbranehiformes, a total of 14 native species, 22 exotic species. The native fishes in Huangshui River are characterized by size minimization, low biodiversity index, and alien species invasion due to the threat derived from the watershed pollution, and hydropower construction in the watershed. The suggestion is discussed for nrotection of the fish resources in Huangshui River.

关 键 词：湟水 大通河 鱼类资源 外来鱼类 生物多样性 

分 类 号：Q178.2[生物学—水生生物学]