生殖生长早期水分胁迫降低作物穗粒数的研究进展  

Research Progress of Water Stress Leading to Reduced Grain Number of Crops During Early Reproductive Stage

作　　者：彭巧慧[1,2] 刘孟雨[1] 姜净卫[1,3] 董宝娣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心,中国科学院农业水资源重点实验室,河北省节水农业重点实验室,河北石家庄050021 [2]河北省农林科学院,河北石家庄050051 [3]山东农业大学水利土木工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2013年第1期12-15,27,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31100191);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2012503003);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD06B02);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD08B02);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD05B02);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KSCX2-EW-J-5)

摘　　要：开花前花粉发育时期是决定作物穗粒数的关键时期。从水分胁迫后导致作物穗粒数降低、降低的可能原因、花粉发育与穗粒数的关系、花粉发育进程的AD值4个方面,阐述了生殖生长早期水分胁迫影响作物穗粒数的研究进展。并根据作物如小麦、谷子等花粉发育特点和生长环境,提出了水分胁迫影响作物穗粒数研究目前存在的问题以及未来研究的重点,主要包括降低作物穗粒数的水分阈值、光合产物在作物源库流中的转化与穗粒数的关系、激素在作物花粉发育中的作用等。为作物的分子设计育种以及水分胁迫降低作物穗粒数的调控机制提供理论基础。Pollen development stage of pre-anthesis is critical important stage for grain number of crops. This paper described the current research progress of water stress affect grain number of crops during early reproductive stage from four aspects respectively, grain number reducing, causes of reducing grain number, relation between pollen development and grain number, AD value of pollen development process. Based on the characteristics of pollen development and growing environment of crops, such as wheat, millet and other crops, this paper put forward the problems of improving grain number with water stress during reproductive stage and the key to research on crops grain number in the future. It mainly included water threshold reduced grain number of crops during reproductive stage, photosynthate allocation in the sink, source and flow, relation between photosynthate and grain number of crops and plant hormone regulation in pollen development. It will provide the theory basis for molecular design breeding in crops and regulatory mechanism of water stress leading to reduced grain number of crops.

关 键 词：生殖生长早期 花粉发育 穗粒数 水分胁迫 调控机理 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]