淀山湖底泥生态疏浚适宜深度判定分析  

Determination of appropriate-ecological sediment dredging depth in Lake Dianshan,China

作　　者：何伟[1,2,3] 商景阁[1,3] 周麒麟[1,3] 程南宁 范成新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]上海勘测设计研究院,上海200434 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2013年第4期471-477,共7页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX2-EW-314);江苏省产学研项目(BY2011165);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所科研启动项目(NIGLAS2011QD09)联合资助

摘　　要：通过室内模拟实验,对淀山湖东部湖区的沉积物进行研究,测定沉积物在不同疏浚深度和疏浚温度下的铵态氮(NH4+-N)、正磷酸盐(PO34--P)和溶解性有机碳(DOC)的释放速率,并对该区域沉积物的理化指标进行检测.结果表明:淀山湖表层沉积物近年来总磷和有机质含量有较大增加.淀山湖东部湖区NH4+-N和DOC存在着释放趋势,PO34--P在夏季会从沉积物中向上覆水中释放,在年内会形成"源"和"汇"的转化.整个淀山湖东部湖区按不同研究区域划分,疏浚深度以10～20 cm最佳,疏浚季节以秋季为佳.通过对淀山湖东部湖区的沉积物在不同疏浚深度和疏浚时间下的污染物释放速率的研究,可以为淀山湖和其它类似湖泊的疏浚工作提供相应的科学依据.Based on the simulated experiment in laboratory, physicochemical characteristics of sediment in eastern Lake Dianshan were measured, and release rates of ammonia, orthophosphate and dissolved organic carbon were measured under different simula- ted dredging depths and temperatures. The results were shown as follow ： total phosphate and organic matter in surface layer of sedi- ment increased several times during recent years in the eastern Lake Dianshan. The release flux direction of ammonia and dissolved organic carbon were from sediment to water column in the whole year, comparing to the reverse release flux direction of orthophos- phate, except in summer. The role of sediment in phosphate cycle changed between ＂pool＂ and ＂source＂ in different seasons. The best dredging depth was 10 -20 em in the research area, and the best dredging season was autumn. The results provide information for the decision of dredging parameters in the practice of dredging project.

关 键 词：底泥疏浚 释放速率 疏浚深度 疏浚温度 淀山湖 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]