评《侵权责任法》第87条——从侵权责任法立法利益衡量视角  

Criticism to Article 87 of Tort Liability Law:from Perspective of Balancing of Interests in Tort Law Legislation

作　　者：刘洪华[1] 

机构地区：[1]韶关学院法学院,广东韶关512005

出　　处：《韶关学院学报》2013年第7期43-46,共4页Journal of Shaoguan University

摘　　要：侵权法立法必须通过制度设计在人们行为自由和权利保护之间实现利益平衡。过错归责、自己责任和构成要件等是侵权法一般利益衡量的利益平衡机制。无过错归责、规定过错和因果关系推定的举证责任分配制度是特殊利益衡量的利益平衡机制。侵权责任法第87条以分配正义理论,侧重被害人救济,扩大对人们行为自由的限制,但是它突破了既有侵权法理论对分配正义理论的适用模式,导致其所规定的责任承担没有侵权法理论上的依据。The legislation of Tort law should balance the interests between people＇s freedom of action and their rights protection by system design. Fault liability, assuming one＇s own responsibility and constitutive requirements are the interest balancing systems for general interest balancing. Non-fault liability, prescriptive fault and specially designed onus probandi by presumptive causality are the interest balancing systems for special interest balancing. Article 87 of Tort Liability Law lays particular emphasis on relief to the victims and enlarges the limits to people＇s freedom of action by using distributive justice theory. It breaks the usual operation pattern of the distributive justice in the existing theory of Tort Law and makes the liability it arranged no theory basis in Tort Law.

关 键 词：利益衡量 权利救济 行为自由 高空抛物 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]