超临界CO_2对铝塑复合材料废弃物的剥离效果  

Separation of Aluminum-Plastics Composite Material Waste Through Supercritical CO_2

作　　者：巩波[1] 雷华[2] 

机构地区：[1]大庆石化公司化工三厂,黑龙江大庆163714 [2]浙江大学应用力学研究所,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2013年第7期144-147,共4页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11072213)

摘　　要：铝塑复合材料是铝箔和塑料组成的多层结构材料,其回收利用必须剥离开铝箔和塑料。针对现有方法易带来二次污染的缺点,文中利用超临界CO2流体在塑料层渗透速度快、能溶胀聚合物而对铝箔不产生作用以及快速卸压引发聚合物的体积快速膨胀特点,提出了"爆米花"式剥离铝塑复合材料废弃物的新技术。通过研究对分离度产生影响的各种操作因素,获得了最优化的剥离工艺条件:压力25MPa,温度60℃,平衡时间3h,快速卸压满足在30s内压力下降50%以上。该方法是一种高效环保的分离技术。Aluminum-plastics composite material has a multilayer structure composed of aluminum foil and plastics, of which the recycling should be based on the separation of aluminum foil and plastics. In order to avoid the shortcoming of the existing methods which easily led to secondary pollution, a new technology called ＂popcorn＂ separation method to separate aluminum foil and plastics was proposed, which takes advantage of the characteristics of supercritical CO2 that rapidly penetrate in plastics layer, swell the plastics but without any effect on aluminum foil, and cause rapid expansion of the volume of the plastics after fast discharging. Through the research of the effects of a variety of operating factors on separation degree, the optimum separation conditions were obtained with a pressure of 25MPa, a temperature of 60 ℃ , a balance time of 3 h and a rapid discharging process that the pressure drops more than 50 % in 30 seconds. This method is an efficient and environmentally friendly separation technology.

关 键 词：超临界CO2 铝塑复合材料 废弃物 分离 回收 

分 类 号：TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]