强碱性阴离子交换纤维的辐射接枝法制备及对铼(Ⅶ)的吸附  

Preparation of Anionic Exchange Adsorbent by Pre-Radiation Method and Its Adsorption Performance Toward Rhenium Ions

作　　者：史福霞[1] 俎建华[2] 叶茂松[2] 殷祥标[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学射线应用研究所,上海200444 [2]上海交通大学核科学与工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2013年第7期157-160,165,共5页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(91226111);上海市科委研究项目(10JC1404900,12DZ2293800)

摘　　要：通过电子束预辐照聚丙烯无纺布(PP)接枝2-乙烯基吡啶(2-VP)制备PP-g-VP接枝共聚物,然后接枝共聚物进一步与季铵化试剂溴乙烷反应,制备出一种季铵盐型强碱性阴离子交换纤维。结果表明,单体浓度越大接枝率越高;季铵化时间越长转化率越高。接枝和季铵化后样品通过差示扫描量热仪、红外光谱仪进行表征。随后研究了pH值、吸附时间、吸附温度对铼(Ⅶ)的吸附效果。结果表明,该吸附过程在pH为2.2的弱酸性介质中易于进行,且在30min内迅速达到吸附平衡。该过程为放热反应,其ΔH=-12.55 kJ/mol,降低温度有利于吸附反应的进行。An anionic exchange adsorbent was prepared by grafting of 2-vinyl pyridine （2-VP） onto polypropylene （PP） non-woven fabrics using pre-irradiation technology by electron beam, subsequently the quatemization reaction of grafted copolymers occurred with bromoethane. Results show that the grafting yield increases with increase of monomer concentrations. The longer Quatemization time is, the higher conversion ratio andquaternized fabrics were characterized by FT-IR and DSC. Effects of various parameters such as pH value, time, temperature on adsorptive capacity of Re were investigated. The results show that pH = 2.2 is the optimal acidity for adsorption of rhenium, and the absorption equilibrium is achieved after only 30 minute. AH is - 12.55 kJ/mol which indicates that the adsorption process is an exothermic reaction.

关 键 词：聚丙烯 2-乙烯基吡啶 强碱性阴离子交换纤维 吸附 铼(Ⅶ) 

分 类 号：TQ342.84[化学工程—化纤工业]