我国动高压物理应用于地球科学的研究进展  

Reviews of Recent Advances of Shock Wave Physics Applied to Earth Science in China

作　　者：龚自正[1,2] 谢鸿森[3] FEI Ying-Wei 

机构地区：[1]可靠性与环境工程技术重点实验室,北京100094 [2]北京卫星环境工程研究所,北京100094 [3]中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵州贵阳550002 [4]Geophysical Laboratory,Carnegie Institution of Washington

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2013年第2期168-187,共20页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(10299040);国家自然科学基金面上项目(40474033);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(2010CB731600)

摘　　要：20世纪80年代末,经福谦院士开创了我国动高压物理在地球科学和空间科学中的应用研究这两大动高压研究的新领域("开天"、"辟地"),并领衔我国迄今唯一的地球深部物质科学重大研究项目———地球内部几个重要界面物质的高温高压物性研究,指导了我国超高速碰撞与空间碎片防护的研究。系统介绍了在经福谦院士指导下,我国应用冲击波技术对下地幔矿物(Mg,Fe)SiO3钙钛矿和MgO-FeO体系的高压相变和高压状态方程、铁的高压熔化线、外地核中轻元素的限定、地外物体撞击地球等几个热点问题研究取得的进展。谨以此文缅怀经福谦院士辞世一周年。Academician JING Fu-Qian pioneered two new fields of shock wave physics research in China at the end of the 1980s,that are shock wave physics applied to the Earth science and to the Space sci- ence and technology,called go up to the sky and go into the Earth. Academician JING Fu-Qian led us to carry out the only one Major scientific project of high pressure Geosciences--Study on the physical properties under high temperature and high pressure for materials in the important boundaries of the Earth＇s interior,he also directed the research of hypervelocity impact and protection against space deb- ris impact in China. The recent research advances of shock wave physics applied to the frontier and hot spots of the Earth sciences in China were introduced in great detail and reviewed, including （1） the phase stability,equation of state, sound velocities, and thermo-elasticity of the Earth＇s lower mantle dominant minerals （Mg, Fe） SiOa perovskite and MgO-FeO system ; （2） the possible mineralogical com- position of the lower mantle; （3） the high pressure melting curve of Fe and Fe-O-S system; （4） con- strained the light element in the Earth＇s outer core from the equation of state, sound velocities of Fe-O- S system; （5） the possible mineralogical interpretations of the seismic velocity anomaly in the lower mantle and core-mantle boundary; （6） Near Earth Object impact hazard and defense response. The cur- rent problems were emphasized and the new research trends were prospected. The authors dedicated this paper to commemorate the 1st anniversary of Academician JING Fu-Qian passed away.

关 键 词：动高压 地幔 地核 物质组成和性质 地外物体撞击效应与对策 进展与评述 

分 类 号：O521.2[理学—高压高温物理]