城市中小企业员工职业健康监护认知状况分析  

Analysis on recognition of occupational health surveillance of workers in small and medium-sized enterprises in urban areas

作　　者：许辉[1,2] 方鹏骞[1] 宋世震[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院医药卫生管理学院,湖北武汉430030 [2]武汉科技大学医学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2013年第7期1054-1056,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：2011-2012年度湖北省卫生厅科研基金(JX5B22)

摘　　要：目的分析湖北省城市中小工业企业员工的职业健康监护认知状况及其影响因素,探讨相应改善对策。方法采用多阶段抽样方法对湖北省2个市内城区的50家中小工业企业的1 380名接触职业病危害因素员工进行问卷调查。结果 85.1%的员工知晓用人单位应组织接触职业危害员工参加职业健康检查,79.3%的员工知晓职业健康检查的费用应由用人单位承担,而仅有57.0%的员工知晓用人单位应为接触职业危害员工建立职业健康监护档案;该群体获取职业健康监护知识的渠道主要为报刊杂志(44.3%)、企业宣传栏(40.7%)和互联网(39.7%);多元线性回归分析结果显示,影响该群体职业健康监护知识水平的保护因素是参加工伤保险、较高月收入、所在企业规模为中型、加入工会组织、男性和较高文化程度,危险因素是较高年龄组;该群体的职业健康监护意愿得分与职业健康监护知识得分间存在正相关关系(r=0.442,P<0.05)。结论湖北省城市中小工业企业员工具有一定的职业健康监护知识水平,但仍应根据具体情况有针对性、有重点的加强相关知识的宣传普及工作。Objective To investigate the recognition of occupational health surveillance of workers in small and medium-sized industry enterprises（SMEs） for the improvement of occupational health.Methods The data were collected from a questionnaire survey in 1 380 workers exposed to occupational hazard in 50 SMEs selected with multistage sampling from two cities of Hubei province.Results Totally 85.1% of the workers knew that enterprises should provide occupational health examination for workers exposed to occupational hazard and 79.3% of the workers knew that the expense of occupational health examination should be paid by the enterprises.But only 57.0% of the workers knew that enterprises should keep the records of occupational health surveillance for workers exposed to occupational hazard.Newspapers and magazines,publicity boards in enterprises,and the internet were the most important ways that the workers acquired the knowledge of occupational health surveillance.Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the positive factors affecting occupational health surveillance knowledge level were with work-related injury insurance,higher monthly income,working in medium-sized enterprise,being member of labor union,male,and higher educational level,while the negative factor was with older age.There was a positive correlation between willingness score and knowledge score about occupational health surveillance（r=0.442,P＆lt;0.05）.Conclusion The workers in SMEs had a certain level of occupational health surveillance knowledge but the propagation and popularization of the knowledge should be enhanced according to the specific situation,with the purpose of promoting a positive attitude and faith toward occupational health surveillance among workers in SMEs.

关 键 词：中小企业 员工 职业健康监护 认知 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]