上海市黄浦区乙型肝炎疫苗免疫后人群乙型肝炎病毒感染状况及危险因素研究  

Hepatitis B virus infection status and risk factors of people after hematogenous hepatitis B vaccination in Huangpu District of Shanghai

作　　者：王怡珺[1] 沈福杰[1] 王曙[1] 张焕珠[1] 黎健[2] 李燕婷[2] 施阳[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市黄浦区疾病预防控制中心,上海200011 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第14期2569-2571,2580,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治十一五重大科技专项(2008zx10002-001)

摘　　要：目的了解上海市黄浦区血源性乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(Hematogenous Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB-H)免疫后人群乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)感染状况及危险因素。方法采用横断面调查和血清流行病学调查,对上海市黄浦区13～23岁1545人进行问卷调查,并采集5ml血标本开展血清流行病学调查,分析HBV感染情况及相关感染危险因素。结果调查人群HBV感染率为5.60%,且男性高于女性;总体抗-HBs阳性率为39.80%,且女性高于男性。多因素分析结果显示,男性、母亲妊娠时HBsAg阳性、直接接触被家人出血污染的物品是HBV感染的独立危险因素(P﹤0.05)。结论乙肝疫苗免后无应答可能是目标人群感染乙肝病毒的原因之一,应定期监测免后人群抗-HBs水平;同时,加强以家庭为单位的乙肝防治健康教育,降低患者家家属因密切接触而感染乙肝病毒的危险性。OBJECTIVE To know hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection among people who had been vaccinated with hematogenous hepatitis B vaccine in Huangpu District of Shanghai, and find out the risk factors of HBV infection. METHODS We analyzed the HBV infection rate and related risk factors by carrying out survey among 1 545 people from 13 to 23 years old and collected 5ml blood for detection of HBV markers. RESULTS The overall positive rate of HBV was 5.60%, and males’ HBV infection rate was higher than females’. The overall anti-HBs positive rate was 39.80% , whereas the rate was higher among females than males. Multivariate analysis showed that gender, pregnant women’s HBsAg positive and history of contacting blood contaminated things were the independent risk factors of HBV infection （P﹤ 0.05）. CONCLUSION Non-response to HBV vaccination may compose one of the reasons for HBV infection of target population, so regular anti-HBs surveillance should be carried out. Meanwhile, education on HBV prevention should be enhanced within family in order to promote the knowledge and bring down the risk of HBV infection between family members.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒感染 危险因素 家庭内密切接触传播 健康教育 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]