熔锡炉加热法分离废弃电路板元器件过程的有害挥发物组成  

On the constituent components of the detrimental volatiles in separating the waste printed-circuits with the tin fusion-detin method

作　　者：白建峰[1] 冀豪栋[2] 张承龙[1] 关杰[1] 王景伟[1] 谢洪勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海第二工业大学城市建设与环境工程学院,上海201209 [2]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2013年第3期66-70,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50974087);上海市教育委员会创新重点项目(12ZZ194;11CXY61);上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目(J51803)

摘　　要：废弃电路板(PCB)资源化价值大,脱除PCB元器件有利于资源化废弃PCB,其中熔锡炉加热脱焊法是应用最广泛的方法。在工作温度分别为250℃和290℃时,对熔锡炉加热法分离废弃PCB元器件过程中产生的挥发物用Tenax吸附管采样,以气相色谱质谱仪(GC-MS)进行分析。结果表明,挥发物中含多种苯系化合物,290℃时挥发物中检测出的苯、乙苯、对,间二甲苯、苯乙烯、邻二甲苯、萘质量浓度分别是250℃时的3.4倍、3.3倍、3.2倍、2.7倍、3.5倍、1.5倍,且能测出更高相对分子质量的异丙苯和正丙苯;部分化合物质量浓度已超过我国相关环境标准规定的限值,其中苯乙烯最高质量浓度是TJ36—79《工业企业设计卫生标准》规定值的103倍。挥发物进入排气管后部分吸附于管道内壁上,成分包括乙苯、对,间二甲苯、邻二甲苯及萘,其中萘的质量比达1.79 mg/kg。因此,对废弃PCB进行热法处理时,需对产生的挥发物加强监控和处理。The present article is to introduce the results of our study on the constituent components of the detrimental volatile in separating the waste printed-circuit boards（PCB） by using the tin fusion-detin method. The reasonwewantto pick up the topic is thatmany e-waste treatment companies try their best to recycle the highly valuable metal content left over in printed circuit boards. It has been a dream for recycling PCB to separate electronic units from PCB, and there comes the method of tin fusion-detin that has been ever used extensively. As a matter of fact, when the waste PCB was heated in tin melting furnace, the volatile used to be given off, which can be collected by using the tenax adsorption tubes near the furnace when the temperature goes up between 250℃and 290℃. Then the samples can be analyzed by means of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GCMS）. The results of our experiment show that a great variety of benzene compounds and naphthalenes can be gained from the process. The concentrations of the volatiles of benzene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene, styrene, o-xylene, naphthalene at the temperature of 290℃, that is, the temperature within the working conditions of the furnace, can be made as high as 3.4 times, 3.3 times, 2.7 times, 3.5 times and 1.5 times of that at the temperature of 250℃. And, it is poss-i ble to detect higher molecular weight of compounds, cumene and npropylbenzene at higher temperatures. The concentrations of some compounds can be detected much greater than the limit listed in the state-made relevant environmental standard. The concentrations of styrene in the samples can be gained is 103 times of that of the standardized value in Hygienic Standards for the Design of Industrial Enterprises at 290℃. Such volatiles can then be adsorbed onto the inner surface of the exhaust pipe, turning to be black viscous, which contain ethylbenzene, m-xylene, o-xylene and naphthalene. The concentration of naphthalene is highest of these compounds, up to 1.79 mg/kg. Therefore, great ben

关 键 词：环境工程学 有害挥发物 废弃电路板 元器件 熔锡脱锡法 苯系化合物 萘 

分 类 号：X76[环境科学与工程—环境工程]