大伙房水库上游某尾矿库溃坝应急处理工程措施研究  

On the dam-breaking emergency saving measures of a mining-tailing stockpile at the upstream Dahuofang Reservoir

作　　者：唐玉兰[1] 曹小玉[1] 殷婷婷[1] 傅金祥[1] 刘军[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,沈阳110168

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2013年第3期180-185,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07528-006-01);沈阳市科技计划项目(F11-263-5-12)

摘　　要：为降低尾矿库溃坝事故对下游人员、财产安全带来的危害,采用计算模型模拟方法,对大伙房水库上游某尾矿库溃坝事故进行模拟,研究了发生溃坝事故时的溃口宽度、溃坝砂流流量、溃坝历时、下游人员撤离的安全高程等重要参数以及进入大伙房水库上游河流的尾矿浆的流量。在此基础上,得出了下游人员撤离的范围、时间和安全高程,提出针对该尾矿库的应急处理工程措施,如砂流进入河流前的拦截措施,进入河流后拦截-吸附处理或截留-单独处理等措施。This article is aimed to search for dam-breaking emergency saving measures of a mining-tailings stockpile at the upstream Dahuofang Reservoir by using a dam-breaking computation simulation model. In this article, we have done some researches of lots of important parameters under the most unfavorable circumstances, such as the width of dam-break, the bursting thrust of the dam, the last time of dam-breaking registration. We have then arrived at a conclusion that it is absolute necessity for the residents living at the downstream of tailingswithin a 5 km range to evacuate in 5 minutes after the dam break. If it were impossible for them to evacuate to the safer places, theywould have no way to evacuate to the nearby buildings at least higher than two tiers. What is more, if the intercepting measures were not available, the maximum breakingwater discharge that is a-l lowed to flow into Hun river in the 5 km downstream the tailings should be limited to 912.97 m3/s. It comes fromthis need that emergency measures of the tailings stockpile should be taken to meet the needs to cope with the emergency on the basis of the simulation results, so as to reduce the human casualty and material damage in addition to reducing the pollution of the river and the reservoir. Moreover, emergencymeasures should also be taken to build the intercepting damto interceptthe sand flowbefore the sand is gettingtothe river down the stream. Thus,we have divided the measures to be taken into three parts： the system of riverway emergency processing, the system of water pipe emergency processing and the system of water works emergency processing. The main emergency processing measures in case the flood-bursting into the river may include the intercept-desorption measures. That is, first of all, trying to intercept and then independent processing treatment to be taken, in addition to the midway influx pool or pressure regulating valve installation prepared in advance.

关 键 词：安全工程 尾矿库 溃坝模拟 应急 工程措施 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]