无露头特长隧洞群无轨运输施工通风技术研究  

Ventilation problem with extra-long group tunneling for trackless transportation with no outcrops

作　　者：张恒[1] 陈寿根[1] 杨家松 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室,成都610031 [2]中铁二局第二工程有限公司,成都610031

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2013年第3期226-231,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务专项基金项目(SWJTU11ZT33)

摘　　要：基于锦屏II级水电站＂大断面、长洞室、内燃作业、无轨运输、污染量大＂等工程特点,针对该特长隧洞施工期通风难度大的问题,将运营通风射流技术引入施工通风中,通过理论研究结合现场通风测试,探讨了射流通风的需风量、风机台数计算公式及相关参数的取值原则。结果表明,能构成进出风通道的任何洞室群均可实施巷道式射流通风,其通风设备配置近似按通风阻力与射流升压计算。当实现通风距离5 730m（计入轴流距离）时,现场布置射流风机共43台,理论计算射流风机共41台,计算射流风机数量与现场布置十分接近,并且实际施工空气质量满足规范和人员健康的要求,主洞内平均风速大于0.2 m/s,施工支洞及排水洞内平均风速2~4 m/s。开挖爆破后5min内掌子面50m范围内即清晰可见,出碴时引水洞内能见度大于150m。The paper is aimed at introducing the ventilation problem with extra-long group tunneling for trackless transportation with no outcrops and solution to it by taking Jinping diversion tunnels as the case study.As is known,one of the key problems in building such tunnels is ventilation,which is required to work out the calculation formula of the exact pieces of jet ventilators and the related parameters based on the theoretical study along with the field test of ventilation.Based on the study of the engineering features of such extra-long tunnels with some sections troubled with inside blasting operations,we have given a particular emphasis on how to solve the trackless transportation,the construction of ventilation facilities and serious dust-pollution situation in Jinping diversion tunnels,in correspondence with the actual situation of the tunnel site.The results of our investigation show that any cavern group with ventilation problems can be improved by using gallery jet ventilation and careful application of ventilation equipment to overcome the ventilation resistance and jet pressor.What is more,it is necessary to improve the layout of the ventilators in accordance with the principle of fewer ventilators for air inlet and more ventilators for air outlet.In addition,the improvement can be done by using more jet fans in the axial flow tunnel but fewer fans in the tunnel with no axial flow.The axial fans should be arranged behind the transverse channel at a height of 80-100 m,so that the fresh air can be delivered to each tunnel front with hoses.Behind the fans in the axial flow in the 200 m range,jet fans should be set up to speed up the airflow.Moreover,if the ventilation can reach 5 730 m,it would be necessary to use 41 jet fans to satisfy the ventilation demand and ensure proper working conditions of the tunnel builders.Besides,theoretically speaking,the pieces of ventilators needed according to the calculation of formula（41）,come in accord with the actual pieces（43）needed.The average wind-blowing spe

关 键 词：安全工程 网络通风 无轨运输 锦屏二级水电站 

分 类 号：TV554.15[水利工程—水利水电工程]