Initial alignment for low-cost attitude and heading reference systems  

作　　者：方斌 Chou Wusheng Ding Li 

机构地区：[1]Robotics Institute of Beihang University

出　　处：《High Technology Letters》2013年第2期150-155,共6页高技术通讯（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60905056)

摘　　要：MEMS （micro electro mechanical systems） inertial navigation system ~, Mll＇~3） nas Been WllUly used in robots for its low-cost. The MINS and magnetometers are commonly the component parts of the attitude and heading reference systems （AHRS）, which provide pitch and roll angles relative to the earth gravity vector, and heading angle relative to the north. However, the performance of sen- sors with low cost AHRS is not so good. The gyros are not sensitive enough to observe the earth an- gular velocity, so the traditional technique like alignment algorithm is invalid. The measurements of gyros become useless to determine the initial attitude matrix from navigation frame to body frame. The alignment algorithm is computed by the accelerometers and magnetometers. The process is es- tablished as an optimization problem of finding the maximum eigenvector. Meanwhile the sensitive analysis with respect to the biases of accelerometers is proposed. Then the recursive least squares al- gorithm （RLSA） is introduced. The comparison between the proposed method and RLSA is provid- ed. The results demonstrate its accuracy favorably and verify the feasibility of the proposed algo- rithm.MEMS(micro electro mechanical systems) inertial navigation system(MINS) has been wildly used in robots for its low-cost.The MINS and magnetometers are commonly the component parts of the attitude and heading reference systems(AHRS),which provide pitch and roll angles relative to the earth gravity vector,and heading angle relative to the north.However,the performance of sensors with low cost AHRS is not so good.The gyros are not sensitive enough to observe the earth angular velocity,so the traditional technique like alignment algorithm is invalid.The measurements of gyros become useless to determine the initial attitude matrix from navigation frame to body frame.The alignment algorithm is computed by the accelerometers and magnetometers.The process is established as an optimization problem of finding the maximum eigenvector.Meanwhile the sensitive analysis with respect to the biases of accelerometers is proposed.Then the recursive least squares algorithm(RLSA) is introduced.The comparison between the proposed method and RLSA is provided.The results demonstrate its accuracy favorably and verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.

关 键 词：attitude and heading reference systems （AHRS） ALIGNMENT sensitive optimiza-tion EIGENVECTOR 

分 类 号：TN966[电子电信—信号与信息处理]