心室肌的大体与显微的层次解剖研究  

The Dissecting Research on the Ventricular Myocardium in bothGeneral and Micro Level

作　　者：王淼[1] 王晓晟[1] 曾乐平[1] 周庆[1] 邹鹰[1] 饶利兵[1] 卢大华[1] 潘爱华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学基础医学院人体解剖学与神经生物学系,湖南长沙410013

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2013年第19期3653-3657,共5页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81100663)

摘　　要：目的:通过对心室肌的大体解剖与组织学切片显示心室肌纤维的层次走向,比较心肌传统概念与心肌带理论的差异。方法:(1)应用大体解剖、组织切片HE染色、虚拟切片扫描方法显示心室肌的纤维走向及层次构造。(2)将防腐固定后的成人正常心脏顺心肌纤维方向分层解剖心肌,使之展开成带,验证心肌带理论。结果:将防腐固定的成人正常心脏经改良的解剖方法解剖,可解剖出一条完整的心肌带,分为2个环,4个段。心肌带呈螺旋走向。用大体解剖与组织切片HE染色、虚拟切片扫描显示右心室肌起始于纤维三角为一条单层肌肉带,左心室肌分为三层肌纤维起始于纤维三角与纤维环,肌纤维从纤维三角与纤维环持续由外向内转变呈现为一种交错结构,纵行的浅层心肌纤维在心尖以90°的角返回心底方向,构成深层心室肌形成肉柱,部分心肌纤维斜、横行构成中层心室肌。三者在心尖呈现出一种螺旋形结构。应用虚拟切片扫描技术能完整、清楚地显示心室肌某一切面的结构走向。结论:心肌传统理论与心肌带理论并未完全冲突,心肌带理论的降段、左室断、升段与传统理论的浅、中、深三层相对应。Objective： Try to get differences between concept of traditional myocardium and the theory of by dissecting and histo- logical research on the ventricular myoeardium. Methods： （1）Fibers of myocardium would be demonstrated by dissection, HE staining, and virtual slice scanning system. （2） Normal adult human hearts were fixed by 10% formalin, then we dissected the myoeardium along direction of myoeardium fibers, unfolded them into myocardial band, then restored and fixed the myocardial band on the frame to show three dimensional architecture ofmyocardium. Results： The normal adult human hearts fixed by 10% formalin, might be dissected out an integral spiral myocardial band through improved anatomic methods. We found that the myocardium of left and right ventricle originate from fibrous trigones and fibrous rings by dissection, HE staining, virtual slice scanning system. The myoeardium of left ventricle was di- vided into three layers, the superficial myocardial fibers run from fibrous trigones and fibrous rings to apex of heart, appearing as a spiral overlap structures, and the middle layer was composed of transverse myocardial fibers, partly myocardial fibers come back the base of heart from apex of heart to form the deep layer myocardium by 90~ angle, and form a spiral structure at the apex of heart. Virtual slice scanning system may demonstrate clearly running of myocardial fibers of ventricles. Conehtsion： It is not contradictory about the theory of myocardial band and the theory of traditional myocardium. Modified dissecting method may demonstrate clearly three dimensional he- lical architecture of heart.

关 键 词：心肌 心肌带 组织学切片 虚拟切片扫描 螺旋结构 

分 类 号：R322.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]