民勤荒漠区典型草本植物马蔺的物候特征及其对气候变化的响应  

Phenological Characteristics of Typical Herbaceous Plants(Lris lacteal) and Its Response to Climate Change in Minqin Desert

作　　者：韩福贵[1,2,3,4] 徐先英[1,2,3,4] 王理德[1,2,3,4] 王键[1,2,3,4] 张应昌[1,2,3,4] 韩生慧[1,2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室培育基地,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省荒漠化防治重点实验室,兰州730070 [3]甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外观测研究站,民勤733300 [4]甘肃省治沙研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第13期4156-4164,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2102CB723203);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41161049)

摘　　要：植物物候反映了过去一段时间气候条件的累积对植物生长和发育的综合影响。通过收集1974—2007年民勤荒漠区典型草本植物马蔺的物候观测数据以及民勤治沙综合试验站同步观测的气象资料,分析了马蔺的物候特征及其对不同时间尺度气候变化的响应过程,结果表明:(1)马蔺的平均生长季长度约为201.7 d,并呈现出逐年增加的趋势,大致表现为每10a延长0.8d,但随着年份的变化并不显著(P>0.1)。(2)除开花期的开始时间出现明显的延后外(P<0.1),马蔺其它物候期的开始和结束时间均表现为轻微的延后趋势,且随着年份的变化不显著(P>0.1)。马蔺各个物候期的持续时间不同年份差异较大,其中萌动期、开花期和果熟期的持续时间随着年份出现减少的趋势,而展叶期和黄枯期的持续时间随着年份则出现增加的趋势,但其变化均不显著(P>0.1)。(3)马蔺整个生长季的延长可能受气温和降水的综合作用,其物候期的开始时间对物候期开始之前3周到3个月之间的积温有着显著的响应(P<0.01),而对于长时间尺度的积温则响应不显著(P>0.1);其部分物候期的开始时间对于中短时间尺度的累积降雨有着较显著的响应(P<0.1),但是对于长时间尺度的累积降雨则所有物候期都响应较弱(P>0.1)。(4)马蔺的物候期特征除了受区域气候变化影响之外,可能还与其自身的水分利用机制有关,未来的气候变化可能会进一步影响到该地区典型荒漠草本植物的物候特征。Growth and development of plants were always influenced by the combined effects of climate conditions accumulated in the previous periods,which was always explained by the variation of phenological characteristics of plants.With the rapidly increase of average surface temperature over the 20th century,shifts in animal and plant phenology have been widely reported in the northern hemisphere,phenology was now recognized as one of the simplest and most frequently used bio-indicators for studying the climate change.However,there are great differences in the response of plant phenology to the climate change,and which one will be the relatively sensitive meteorological factors to the phenology of plant species,to which time scale the plant species will be responded significantly is still unknown,this make it difficult to accurately predict the responding process of plant species to the climate change.Phenological data of typical herbaceous plants（Lris lacteal） and the corresponding meteorological data were both collected from the Minqin Desert Botanical Garden in 1974—2007,and phenological characteristics of this species was analyzed and its response to the accumulated precipitation and temperature in different time scales were studied.The conclusions were obtained as follows：（1） The growing season length（difference between the starting date of budding period to the ending date of wilting period） of Lris lacteal was about 201.7 days with an increasing rate of 0.8 days per 10 years,which was not statistically significant during 1974—2007（P〈0.1）.（2） Except the starting date（which refers to the time when nearly 50% of the species have experienced a certain phenological event） of the flowering period showed an obvious delay,and was statistically significant,the starting date and the ending date（which refers to the time when most of the species have finished this event） of remaining phenophases all displayed a slight delay,and was not statistically significant.The duration period（days o

关 键 词：民勤荒漠区 植物物候 积温 降水量 马蔺 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]