降水格点数据的无损压缩方法  

A lossless compression scheme for precipitation grid data

作　　者：罗坚[1] 姜勇强[1] 戴彩悌[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象海洋学院,江苏南京211101

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2013年第3期97-101,共5页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"热带气旋螺旋带波动性质的研究"(40905021)资助

摘　　要：在大气科学领域,格点资料是资料存储和交换的主要形式。为了提高存储和传输效率,设计快速高效的压缩格式对数据进行压缩具有重要意义。由于气象资料要求较高,压缩必须是无损的。降水量是一种特殊的气象要素,它的空间分布是不连续,不宜采用连续要素的无损压缩方法。通过分析降水格点数据的基本特点,采用行程编码(RLE)思想,结合洗牌技术和熵编码,设计了降水格点数据的无损压缩方案。结果表明:该方案具有较高的压缩比,可以应用于各种空间分布不连续气象要素的无损压缩,在大气科学领域具有较好的应用前景。Grid data is one of the important forms for the storage and exchange of the meteorological data. An effi- cient compression scheme is very important for the data compression, and a compression scheme must be lossless for the meteorological data. Precipitation is a special element because of its spatial and temporal discontinuity, so the lossless compression scheme used for those continuous elements is not suitable to the precipitation data. The fundamental features of the precipitation grid data were analyzed. Basing on the run length encoding （RLE） and Shuffle encoding as well as entropy encoding, a new lossless compression scheme was presented for precipitation grid data. The results show that the compression efficiency of the new scheme is high and it can greatly save stor- age space and the transmission time. The compressed data are completely lossless within available precision, so this scheme can be used for other meteorological elements with spatial and temporal discontinuity and has great practi- cal application in meteorology.

关 键 词：降水量 格点数据 行程编码 无损压缩 

分 类 号：P413[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]