广东缓丘坡地牧草果树间作模式的水土保持效应  

Effect of the Soil and Water Conservation of Fruit Tree and Grass Intercroping Patterns on Gentle Slopeland in Guangdong.

作　　者：段舜山[1] 林秋奇[1] 章家恩[2] 刘宁宁 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生态科学研究所,广东广州510632 [2]华南农业大学热带亚热带生态研究所,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国草地》2000年第5期35-40,共6页Grassland of China

基　　金：国家"九五"攻关专题!(96 - 0 0 4- 0 3- 1 0 );广东省自然科学基金! (980 1 4 5 );广东省高校博士后项目!(GD970 40 3)资助

摘　　要：试验于 1997年在广东省东莞市桥头农科园赤红壤坡地童期果园进行 ,试验设在果园间作花生 (A)、木薯 (B)、花生 +木薯 (C)、苏丹草 (D)、柱花草 (E)和果树间裸地 (CK) 6个处理 ,采用自制的径流收集器分别测定各处理三场降雨的径流深度、径流系数、水土流失量和侵蚀量。结果表明 ,CK的平均径流深度为 8.33mm/ 10mm ,降水流失率为 83.33% ,平均每 10mm降雨的土壤侵蚀量为 0 .2 93t/hm2 ,年土壤侵蚀模数为 52 .4 1t/hm2 ;5个间作处理的地表径流量比对照降低 32 .36 %～ 6 5.6 2 % ,平均土壤侵蚀量减少 4 7.81%～ 82 .51% ;果园间作柱花草的水土保持效果最好。A field experiment was conducted in a young-fruit-garden on the red-soil-slope-land of Qiaotou Agro-technical Gardens, Dongguan city, Guangdong province in 1997. That there were six treatments of intercroping peanut(A), cassava(B), both peanut and cassava(C), Sudanese sorphum (D), Stylosanthes humilis (E) and no intercroping(CK) in the fruit garden was designed. The runoff depth, runoff index, water loss and soil erosion under the 6 treatments during the 3 times of rainfall were determined using the runoff collector made by ourselves. It was found that, the average runoff depth was 8.33mm per 10mm, the water loss index was 83.33%, the average soil erosion was 0.293 t/hm\+2·10mm\+ -1 , and the soil erosion modulus was 5241 t·km\+ -2 ·a\+ -1 in the control treatment(CK), and these values are the highest in the 6 treatments. The surface runoff were from 32.36% to 65.62% lower than the control, and the average soil erosion were lower from 47.81% to 82.51% in the 5 intercroping treatments. Intercoping leguminous grass such as Stylosanthes humilis in the young-fruit-garden on the red-soil-slope-land was the most effective pattern for soil and water conservation.

关 键 词：果园 间作模式 水土保持 中国南方 赤红壤坡地 

分 类 号：S157.431[农业科学—土壤学]