聚丙烯腈基碳纤维高温石墨化综述  

High temperature graphitization of PAN-based carbon fiber-a review

作　　者：卢天豪[1] 陆文晴[1] 童元建[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100029 [2]教育部碳纤维及功能高分子重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《高科技纤维与应用》2013年第3期46-53,74,共9页Hi-Tech Fiber and Application

基　　金：国家"973"计划项目(2011CB605601/2011605602);北京市萌芽杯大学生创新项目

摘　　要：针对高模量碳纤维制备的关键工艺环节,综述总结了石墨化的基本工艺和石墨化高温处理过程纤维组成、结构的变化以及对最终碳纤维力学性能的影响,以期为我国高强高模碳纤维研发提供借鉴。综述结果表明,一步法石墨化高温处理有利于保持纤维的高强度特性,该工业化技术具有发展潜力;1 800℃前后纤维密度为先降后升;随着纤维对石墨晶体结构逐渐完善,层间距减少,模量提高;催化石墨化以及强磁场或射线处理可促使纤维石墨晶体结构的完善,但不易工业化实施;石墨化过程中适施应力是一项保持纤维强度和提高模量的有效措施。With respect to key process of preparing polyacrynitrile-based high modulus carbon fibers, the basic graphitization process and the evolution of the composition, structures, tensile properties of carbon fiber during high temperature treatment were summarized and reviewed to provide a reference for developing and researching of carbon fibers with high strength and high modulus. It shows that one-step graphitization treatment process is good for keeping high strength of carbon fibers, and is a potential technology for industrial production. The lowest density of carbon fiber is found around treatment temperature of 1800℃. The modulus increases as a result of perfection of graphite crystal and decrease of interlayer spacing in the fibers. The method of catalytic graphitization, as well as treatment of high magnetic field, high energy electromagnetic radiation, accelerates the graphitization process of carbon fiber and helps perfection of graphite crystal structures, but is difficult for large scale production. Adding stress during graphitization is an efficient way to enhancing modulus and keeping tensile strength of carbon fibers.

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈 碳纤维 石墨化 高温处理 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.742[化学工程—化纤工业]