基于水位历时曲线的城镇化对区域水文过程影响分析——以太湖流域河网水位变化为例  

An Analysis of Effects of Urbanization on Regional Hydrological Processes Based on Water Level Duration Curve——A Case Study of Water Level Changes in the River Network of Taihu Lake Basin

作　　者：尹义星[1,2,3] 许有鹏[3] 陈昌春[4] 杨秀芹[2] 焦士兴[5] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]南京信息工程大学应用水文气象研究院,江苏南京210044 [3]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210093 [4]南京信息工程大学遥感学院,江苏南京210044 [5]安阳师范学院资源环境与旅游学院,河南安阳455002

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第3期91-94,258,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目"改善长江三角洲地区水系结构与河湖连通研究";"长江三角洲地区城市化对洪涝孕灾环境的影响研究"(201201072;200701024);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40730635);水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室开放研究基金项目(2011491111);南京信息工程大学科研基金项目(20100406);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：以太湖流域为例,采用水位历时曲线(LDC)的方法,探讨以城镇化为代表的下垫面变化条件下区域河网水位的变化规律。从各年代LDC曲线分析结果来看,20世纪80,90年代是其坡度较高的年代。进一步将研究时间段分为50—70年代和1980—2006年,并选择其中平水年进行分析。结果表明,各站点1980—2006年的LDC曲线坡度均大于50—70年代,且后者的LDC曲线均位于前者上部。同时,2个时段的水位变化量在高水位端更显著,而在低水位端变化量最小。研究区降水量与代表站点水位的趋势分析表明,平均水位的显著上升与降水变化趋势不一致。分析认为,上述结果主要是由于城镇化的影响,即下垫面条件变化造成水位历时曲线坡度增加,水位变化对降水的响应速度加快,且高水位的上升更显著。This paper explores the water level changes of river networks under the changes of underlying surfaces represented by urbanization based on water level duration curve（LDC）method,taking the Taihu Lake basin as an example.According to the result from LDC analysis,the LDC slope of the 1980sand 1990sis steeper than the other decades.Then the study period is divided into two periods：1950s—1970sand 1980s—2000s,and normal years are selected to make further investigation.Results indicate that the LDC slopes of all the gauges in the 1980s—2000sare steeper than those in the 1950s—1970s,and the LDCs of the former are also above those of the latter.What′s more,the relative variations between the two periods are significant in the high water level end,and the variations are the least in the low water level end.Analyses of the precipitation and water level trend in the study area indicate that the significant increase of average water level is not consistent with the trend of precipitation.It is concluded that the above results are due to the influences of urbanization,i.e.,changes of underlying surfaces cause the slope of LDC to increase,thus the changes of water levels respond more quickly to rainfall,and the high water levels increase more significantly as well.

关 键 词：水位历时曲线 城镇化 水位 太湖流域 

分 类 号：P343[天文地球—水文科学]