西南喀斯特地区典型土壤碳通量原位监测的研究  

In Situ Monitoring of Soil Carbon Fluxes for Different Typical Soils in Karst Region of Southwest China

作　　者：胡乐宁[1,2,3] 苏以荣[1,2] 何寻阳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [2]中国科学院环江喀斯特农业生态试验站,广西环江547100 [3]广西师范大学环境与资源学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第3期109-113,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项"喀斯特峰丛洼地型(人工种草替代型草食畜牧业)模式增值增汇试验示范"(XDA05070403);中国科学院西部行动计划项目"喀斯特生态系统物质循环过程及其调控机制"(KZCX2-XB3-10);国家科技支撑计划项目"喀斯特石漠化中低产土壤改良技术集成示范"(2012BAD05B03-6);广西自然科学基金项目"碳酸钙对广西不同pH值喀斯特典型土壤有机碳矿化的影响"(2013GXNSFBA019080)

摘　　要：为了研究西南喀斯特地区典型土壤碳通量特征,以不同植被类型和不同土石界面为研究对象,原位测定3种土壤(红壤、棕色石灰土和黑色石灰土)2个界面(土面、土石面)的乔木林地和灌丛的土壤碳通量,并用土壤碳通量的日变化和季变化指示土壤有机碳转化过程。结果表明,在雨季各土壤碳通量均高于旱季。棕色石灰土在2种植被类型条件下均没有红壤土壤碳通量稳定,受湿度影响大于红壤。黑色石灰土中,灌丛的土石面土壤碳通量与土面差异小于乔木林地,乔木林地中土面土壤碳通量显著大于土石面,土面在7月出现最高值(3.0μmol m2/s),土石面在6月出现最高值(1.5μmol m2/s);灌丛土面土壤碳通量最高值出现在7月(3.0μmol m2/s),土石面6月出现最高值(1.9μmol m2/s)。喀斯特地区土壤碳通量的变化因土壤类型不同而存在差异,土面和土石面的喀斯特土壤碳通量差异受气候、季节和植被的影响较大。Two karst soils（terra fusca and rendzina）and a contrast soil（red soil）were selected to study soil carbon fluxes in typical karst soils.The daily and seasonal soil carbon fluxes on different interfaces（soil surface and soil stone surface）were tested to indicate the transformation of soil organic carbon.Results shows that soil carbon flux in rainy season was higher than that in dry season.Soil carbon flux in red soil was steadier than that in terra fusca of both shrub land and forest land.Soil carbon flux in terra fusca was more sensitive to temperature and humidity than that in red soil.Soil carbon fluxes in rendzina of shrub land（soil surface and soil stone surface）were less than that of forest land.Soil carbon flux in rendzina of forest land was higher than that of the shrub land.The maximum values of soil carbon flux on soil surface occurred in July（3.0 μmol m^2/s）in both the shrub land and forest land,while on soil stone surface,in June（1.5μmol m^2/s）.In shrub land,the maximum value of soil carbon flux on soil stone surface occurred in June（1.9μmol m^2/s）.This implied that soil carbon flux differed in soil types in karst area.Climate,season and vegetation were the most important factors which influence soil carbon flux in karst area.Soil carbon fluxes of soil surface and soil stone surface were greatly impacted by them.

关 键 词：喀斯特地区 土壤碳通量 原位监测 不同植被类型 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]