张家口市土地利用结构特征及其动态变化  

Landuse Structure and Its Dynamic Change in Zhangjiakou City

作　　者：郭洪峰[1] 许月卿[1] 田媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2013年第3期259-264,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"环京津冀北贫困带土地利用变化及其优化利用调控研究"(41171088);国土资源部土地资源调查评价项目(DCPJ121504-01);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2011JS162)

摘　　要：以张家口市1996—2008年的土地利用变更调查数据为基础,采用土地利用变化贡献率、土地利用动态度、信息熵、优势度、均衡度、集中化、多样化等方法和模型,对张家口市土地利用结构特征及其动态变化进行了系统分析。结果表明:(1)耕地、林地、草地、未利用地4种土地利用类型占张家口市土地面积的92%左右,构成张家口市土地利用结构的基本格局。(2)1996—2008年,张家口市耕地和未利用地大幅度减少,林地、园地、草地、居民点及工矿用地、交通用地均在增加;各土地利用类型的动态度依次为:林地>耕地>园地>未利用地>交通用地>草地>居民点及工矿用地>水域。(3)土地利用结构信息熵、均衡度呈增加趋势,优势度指数呈减小趋势,土地利用结构向无序、均衡化方向演变。(4)土地利用结构集中化指数减小,多样化指数增大,表明张家口市土地利用结构趋于多样化。Based on the detailed survey data of landuse change from 1996to 2008in Zhangjiakou City,many models and methods including the contribution rate of landuse change,dynamic degree of landuse change,information entropy,equilibrium degree,degree of dominance,diversification and centrality degree were used to analyze the landuse structure characteristics and its dynamic change.Results show that：（1）The main landuse types in Zhangjiakou City were arable land,forestland,grassland and unutilized land,which accounted for about 92%of the total land area.（2）The landuse change was obvious in the city from 1996to 2008.The areas of arable land,unutilized land and water body had a drastic reduction,while the areas of forestland,orchard,grassland,construction land and traffic land increased.In terms of the maximum dynamic degree of landuse change,the landuse types from high to low were in the order of forestland,arable land,orchard,unutilized land,traffic land,grassland,construction land and water body.（3）The information entropy,equilibrium degree of land use for Zhangjiakou City increased,while the degree of dominance decreased,which indicated that land use structure was changing to be disordered and equalization.（4）The centrality degree of landuse increased along with the diversification decreased,which shows that the landuse structure of Zhangjiakou City tended to be diversified.

关 键 词：土地利用结构 土地利用动态变化 景观生态学 张家口市 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]