转基因鲤试验湖泊浮游动物的动态监测  

Dynamic Monitoring of Zooplankton in an Artificial Lake for Transgenic Common Carp

作　　者：李学梅[1,2] 余育和[3] 冯伟松[3] 张堂林[3] 杨德国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,湖北武汉430223 [2]华中农业大学,湖北武汉430070 [3]中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2013年第3期1-7,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD25B05);湖北省博士后创新岗位基金

摘　　要：为客观评价转基因鲤的生态风险,构建了转基因鲤生态安全研究人工湖泊生态系统。于2007年10月至2010年12月对试验湖泊中的游动物群落进行连续监测,研究其种类组成、密度、生物量和群落多样性的变化。调查结果显示,试验湖泊中的浮游动物有104种,其中原生动物30种,占总种数28.8%;轮虫52种,占50.0%;枝角类13种,占12.5%;桡足类9种,占8.7%。浮游动物密度在4年间呈下降趋势,2007年下半年最高,平均密度为17239.1个/L;2010年最低,平均密度为3547.4个/L;浮游动物生物量的变化则有所差异,呈先上升、后下降的趋势,2008年的平均生物量最高,为3.17mg/L,2010年最低,为1.45mg/L。浮游动物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')在1.30～2.14,其中2007年冬季最低,为1.30,Margalef多样性指数(d)为0.63;2010年秋季最高,H'为2.14,d为2.86;均匀度指数(E)的变化范围较小,为0.49～0.68。研究表明,转基因鱼对浮游动物群落产生了一定的影响,但随时间推移,该影响在逐渐减弱;浮游动物群落多样性随时间的延续而增加,湖泊水质有变好的趋势。In order to evaluate the ecological risks of transgenic common carp objectively, an artificial lake eco-system for researching the ecological security was constructed. From October 2007 to December 2010, we had been continuous monitoring the zooplankton communities in artificial lake and studied their species composition, density, biomass and changes of community diversity. During the study period, 104 species of zooplankton were found, of which 30 species were Protozoa （28.8%）; 52 species were Rotifera （50.0%）; 13 species were Cladocera and 9 species were Copepoda （12.5% and 8.7%, respectively）. In these 4 years, the density of zooplankton showed an descending trend, with the higjest average density in 2007 （17 239.1 ind./L） and lowest in 2010 （3 547.4 ind./L）. The biomass changes of zooplankton rose at first and went down latter, with the highest average biomass in 2008 （3.17 mg/L） and lowest in 2010 （1.45 mg/L）. The diversity index H′ and d in winter of 2007 were lowest （1.30 and 0.63）, while they were highest in autumn of 2010 （2.14 and 2.86）. And the evenness index E arranged from 0.49-0.68. The research indicated that zooplankton communities were affected by transgenic common carp in certain degree, while the influence was decreasing with the passage of time. In addition, the water tended to get better and the diversities were increasing over time.

关 键 词：浮游动物 动态监测 转基因鲤 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]