农民留种权利保护比较研究  

Study on Farmer’s Right to Save Seed

作　　者：李菊丹[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业知识产权中心 [2]北京联合大学应用文理学院

出　　处：《知识产权》2013年第7期82-90,共9页Intellectual Property

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目"生物技术背景下植物育种创新的知识产权保护研究"(项目编号:11YJC820055);中国博士后基金项目"生物技术背景下我国农民留种权利保护对策研究"(项目编号:2013M530781)研究成果

摘　　要：基于农民作为一个整体在保存、改良和提供植物遗传资源方面的贡献及其对种植农作物的生存依赖,UPOV公约为农民在利用和保存作物种子方面保留特定的权利。随着生物技术在植物育种领域的广泛运用以及知识产权保护水平的不断提高,UPOV1991将农民留种权利改为非强制性例外,欧美等国家和地区则根据各自需要规定了不同范围的农民留种权利,应对生物技术背景下的育种知识产权保护需求。中国充分借鉴欧美对UPOV1991农民权利规定的实施经验,构建符合中国农业现实的农民留种权利保护制度。Affirming that the contributions of farmers as a whole in conserving, improving and making available plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, and their dependence on crops, International Union for the Proterction of New Varieties of plants （UPOV） regulates the rigth of farmers to save seeds. With the wide- spread use of biotechnology in the area of plant breeding, and the improvement of intellectual property protection, UPOV1991 provides farmer＇s right to save seed as a non-compulsory exception to the breeder＇s right, USA and the European Union set different scope of farmer＇s right to save seed according to their national conditions, to satisfy intellectual property rights protection in plant breeding under the background of biotechnology. China should draw on the experiences of USA and EU on how to implement the regulation of farmer＇s right to save seed in UPOV 1991, establish the protection systems of farmer＇s right to save seed according to China＇s agriculture reality

关 键 词：国际植物新品种保护联盟公约 品种权 农民留种权利 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] D923.4