双孤立波直墙爬高的实验研究  

An experimental study on run-up of double solitary waves against a vertical wall

作　　者：宣瑞韬[1] 吴卫[1] 刘桦[1,2] 房詠柳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程院,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学水动力学教育部重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2013年第3期241-251,共11页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金(11ZR1418200);上海市重点学科建设项目(B206);上海市闵行区人才发展专项资金;上海市水务局科研项目;上海交通大学海洋工程国家重点实验室自主研究课题的资助~~

摘　　要：海啸波在近海传播过程中有可能会演化成若干个孤立波组成的波列。为了研究孤立波波列对海岸结构物的作用机理,本文在波浪水槽中进行了双孤立波的直墙爬高实验。通过控制推板式造波机的运动,有效地实现了不同波峰间距双孤立波的造波方法。在复演并验证单孤立波直墙爬高的基础上,完成了不同相对波高、相对波峰间距的双孤立波爬高系列实验,给出了双孤立波平底传播及直墙爬高过程的波面时间序列及爬高过程水线运动时间序列。实验结果表明:对两个等波高的双孤立波而言,当相对波峰间距降到某临界值时,跟随在后孤立波的爬高放大系数将小于先导孤立波的爬高放大系数;当先导孤立波的波高大于跟随孤立波的波高,先导孤立波将更加显著地抑制对跟随孤立波的爬高过程,使得后者的最高爬放大系数显著减小;若在直墙爬高前两个波已明显重叠,即呈双峰瞬态波形,爬高放大系数不会大于具有相同波高的单孤立波的爬高放大系数。As tsunami wave may evolve into a wave train consisted of several isolated solitary waves during its propagation in the offshore area. In order to understand the mechanism of interaction between the wave train and coastal structures, well-designed run-up experiments of double solitary waves were implemented in the wave flume. In these experiments, thedouble solitary waves with different distance between two crests were generated effectively by controlling the piston-type wave generator. The single solitary wave rtm-up experiments were carried out to validate the experimental approach. For the case of run-up of double solitary waves with different relative height and crest distance, the time series of surface elevation of double solitary waves in the constant depth region and moving shoreline on the vertical wall were obtained and analyzed. The experimental results show that, with regard to double solitary waves with same height, the rtm-up amplification coefficient of the following wave is less than that of the leading one when the relative wave crest distance is reduced to a certain threshold value. This phenomenon is more remarkable when the solitary wave with larger amplitude is followed by the wave with smaller amplitude; the run-up amplification coefficient of the wave with smaller amplitude is significantly decreased. If two waves are distinctly overtopped before run-up, they evolved into a transient wave with two crests and the run-up amplification coefficient is rarely larger than that of the single solitary wave with the same relative wave height.

关 键 词：海啸波 孤立波 双孤立波 直墙爬高 实验 

分 类 号：O352[理学—流体力学]