西南亚热带天然混交林林冠截留效应  

Eco-hydrological Effects of Natural Mixed Forest Canopy in Southwest Subtropical Regions

作　　者：刘春霞[1] 王玉杰[1] 王云琦[1] 王冉[1] 胡波[1] 

机构地区：[1]水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室(北京林业大学),北京100083

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2013年第7期9-14,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201104005-01B)

摘　　要：以位于西南亚热带的天然混交林为研究对象,利用2009年4—10月期间的60场林冠截留观测资料,对降雨再分配特征进行综合分析,并应用修正的Gash模型对6—8月份的17场林冠截留量进行模拟。结果表明:研究期间总降雨量1 086 mm,林内穿透雨总量、干流量、截留量分别为806.6、2.0、277.4 mm,分别占降雨量的74.30%、0.18%、25.50%;穿透雨量、树干茎流量均与降雨量呈显著的线性关系,而林冠截留量与降雨量呈显著的幂函数关系(p<0.05);穿透雨率、树干茎流率与降雨量呈显著的对数函数关系,但林冠截留率与降雨量呈显著的幂函数关系(p<0.05);林冠蓄水达到饱和时所需的最小降雨量为2.53 mm;雨前林冠的湿润程度对树干流的产生有很大影响,混交林在低雨量级(0～5 mm)时,不会产生树干茎流;饱和林冠截留量为26.1 mm,达到饱和林冠截留的降雨量为46.8 mm,当降雨量小于2.5 mm时,林冠截留率可达100%,当接近或超过50 mm时,林冠截留率趋于稳定;应用模型模拟的林冠截留量比实测值高出3.69%,模拟的林内穿透雨和干流量分别低于实测值的1.24%和5.38%。With 60 rain events canopy interception data in 2009（form April to October）,an investigation was conducted to analyze the characteristics of rainfall redistribution of natural mixed forest in southwest subtropical regions.From 17 rain events data from June to September,we applied the revised Gash analytical model to simulate natural mixed forest canopy interception.The total throughfall,stemflow and rainfall interception of 60 rain events during the observed period are 806.6 mm,2.0 mm and 277.4 mm accounting for 74.3%,0.18% and 25.5% of the total atmospheric precipitation,respectively.The relationship between the throughfall,stemflow and rainfall can be described by a significant linear equation with a significant power function equation between canopy interception and rainfall（p0.05）.In addition,the throughfall rate and stemflow rate have a significant logarithmic function relationship with rainfall,but the canopy interception rate shows a significant power function relationship with rainfall（p0.05）.When the rainfall is 2.53 mm at least,the canopy water storage reaches the saturation.The moisture degree of tree canopy before a rain event greatly influences the stemflow yielding.When the rainfall is lower than 5.0 mm,there is no stemflow.The canopy interception is saturated（up to 26.1 mm）,when the rainfall is 46.8 mm.When the rainfall is lower than 2.5 mm,the canopy interception rate is up to 100%,and when the rainfall was higher than 50 mm,the canopy interception rate is stabilized.The simulated interception values are higher 3.69% than the measured ones,and the simulated throughfall values and stemflow values are lower 1.24% and 5.38% than those of the measured ones,respectively.

关 键 词：亚热带 混交林 林冠截留 修正的Gash模型 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学]