绥满公路沿线不同植被区土壤表层重金属污染状况  

Heavy Metals Contamination in the Topsoil along Suiman Road under Different Vegetation Region

作　　者：温瑀[1] 穆立蔷[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2013年第7期53-57,68,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：黑龙江省交通运输厅项目(JTYST 010-41310605)。

摘　　要：以绥满公路(G015)黑龙江境内黄牛场至胜利段为研究区,根据路段所处位置、土壤类型、交通量将其分为南段、中段和北段,分别对3段公路沿线,距公路不同距离的96个样点的土壤表层的6种重金属质量分数进行分析。结果表明,3段公路沿线土壤表层5种重金属质量分数平均值均高于背景值。根据单因子污染指数分级标准,Cd在南段和中段为重污染;北段为中度污染;Zn、Cu、Pb和Ni在三段中均为轻污染。据潜在生态危害单项指数分析,Cd为强生态危害,其余均为轻微生态危害。潜在生态危害综合指数由大到小的排序为:南段、中段、北段,均为轻微生态危害。相关性分析及结果显示公路建设及运营是造成土壤中Pb、Cd、Zn、Cu污染的主要原因。在空间分布上,重金属质量分数由大到小的排序为南段、中段、北段。横向空间分布显示,公路沿线重金属与公路距离之间存在显著相关性,影响带宽度基本为0～200 m,峰值基本在50 m以内,超过50 m,影响效果明显减弱。We investigated the Suiman Road（G015,Huangniuchang-Shengli section）.The road was divided into three sections,north,middle and south section on the basis of the sites,soil type and traffic flow.Soil samples were taken at 96 locations with different distance away from road along the north,middle and south.We analyzed the metal contents of Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn in the surface soil.The contents of Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb and Zn in roadside soils are higher than those in the background level.On the basis of a contamination index,Cd is high contamination in middle and south,moderate contamination in north,and Zn,Cu,Pb and Ni are low contamination in three segments.On the basis of the potential ecological risk index,Cd is high contamination and others are low contamination.On the basis of the potential ecological risk integrated index,the order is southmiddlenorth and all are the low contaminations.By correlation analysis,the construction of road absolutely influences the Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn contents in the roadside soil.In the space distribution,the concentrations of heavy metals in roadside soils are higher for the south section than those for the middle and north sections.In the transverse direction,the contents of heavy metals vary significantly with different distance from the road,this impact extends 200 m away from the road,and the maximal peak is within 50 m.Moreover,the effect gets distinctly weaker beyond 50 m.

关 键 词：重金属 公路沿线 土壤 污染 分布特征 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]