植物激素对切花菊蕾期催花效果及生理效应的影响  

Effects of Plant Hormones on Physiological Index and Flower Forcing Efficiency of Cut Chrysanthemum at Bud Stage

作　　者：史春会[1] 王丹[1] 李芳芳[1] 李永华[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学,郑州450002

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2013年第7期85-88,92,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项(091100110200)

摘　　要：以切花菊(Dendranthema×grandiflorum Ramat)‘神马’为试材,利用人工气候室在蕾期进行瓶插催花处理,研究了不同植物激素对切花菊催花过程中花径、水分平衡值、可溶性糖质量分数、抗氧化酶活性等形态和生理指标的影响。结果表明:整个催花期间,含植物激素的催花液处理的切花菊各项指标均优于基本催花液和CK,处理第3天达到催开花蕾的标准,其中GA3处理催花效果最好,其次为6-BA+IAA处理。催花终止期,GA3处理的花径(11.96 cm)分别比基本处理和CK高19.9%和57.9%,花枝鲜质量变化率最高(74.54%),蛋白质质量分数增加74.43%,可溶性糖质量分数增加86.36%;SOD、POD、CAT活性表现出不同的变化趋势,GA3处理3种抗氧化酶活性最大。综合分析说明,切花菊蕾期催花液最佳激素为GA3(100 mg.L-1),最佳催花液组合为50 g.L-1蔗糖+300 mg.L-18-羟基喹啉+75 mg.L-1水杨酸+200 mg.L-1氯化钙+100 mg.L-1GA3。Cut chrysanthemum（Dendranthema× grandiflorum Ramat） ＇Jinba＇ at bud stage was used as experimental materials to study the effects of different plant hormones on flower diameter,water balance value,soluble sugar content and anti-oxidant enzyme activity of cut chrysanthemum at bud stage.The indexes of cut chrysanthemum treated with blooming promoters including plant hormones are better than those of basic blooming promoters and CK during flower forcing.The buds are speeded up at the third day of treatment.GA3 treatment shows the best results followed by the 6-BA＋IAA.The flower diameter of 11.96 cm with GA3 treatment is 19.9% and 57.9% higher,respectively,than that of basic treatment and CK at the end of flower forcing.The fresh weight change ratio,protein content and soluble sugar content increase by 74.54%,74.43% and 86.36%,respectively,compared with those of 0 day treatment.There is different change tendency in SOD,POD and CAT activity during flower forcing.GA3 treatment appears the highest enzymatic activity for three anti-oxidant enzymes.Therefore,for the flower forcing of cut chrysanthemum at bud stage,the optimal hormone is GA3 of 100 mg·L-1,and the best blooming promoter component is 50 g·L-1 S＋300 mg·L-1 8-HQ＋75 mg·L-1 SA＋150 mg·L-1 CaCl2＋100 mg·L-1 GA3.

关 键 词：切花菊 蕾期 催花液 植物激素 生理指标 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺] Q946.885[农业科学—园艺学]