含锗真空炉渣在HCl-CaCl_2-H_2O体系中浸出锗的动力学研究  

Leaching Kinetics of Germanium in Vacuum Slag in HCl-CaCl_2-H_2 O Solution

作　　者：何静[1] 王小能[1] 刘明海[2] 王继民[3] 唐谟堂[1] 鲁君乐[1] 王涛[1] 罗超[1] 郭瑞[1] 蓝明艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学,湖南长沙410083 [2]韶关冶炼厂,广东韶关512024 [3]广州有色金属研究院,广东广州510062

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2013年第6期1258-1263,共6页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51174240);广东省产学研引导项目(20110908)

摘　　要：为提高真空炉渣中锗的浸出率提供理论依据,对含锗真空炉渣在HCl-CaCl2-H2O体系中锗的浸出动力学进行了研究。结果表明,浸出过程属于生成固体产物层的"未反应核收缩模型",其宏观动力学方程为:1–2/3x–(1–x)2/3=4.66×10-3CHCl1.027CCaCl21.046d-0.862exp(–21068/RT)t,表观活化能为21.068kJ/mol,浸出过程受灰分层扩散控制;提高盐酸的浓度、氯化钙浓度、浸出温度、液固比及减小矿物粒度均可加快锗的浸出速度,提高锗的浸出率。In order to provide a theoretical basis to improve the leaching rate of germanium in vacuum slag, the leaching kinetics of germanium in vacuum slag was investigated in hydrochloric acid-calcium chloride solution. The results show that the leaching process fits the generation of solid products of unreacted-core shrinking model. The kinetics equation is 1-2/3x-（1-x） 2/3 =4.66×10 -3 CHCl1.027CCaCl2 1.046 d-0.862 exp（-21068/RT）t. The leaching process is controlled by the diffusion of the lixiviant and the activation energy is determined to be 21.068 kJ/mol. The leaching speed and the leaching rate of germanium are increased by increasing the hydrochloric acid concentration, the calcium chloride concentration, the leaching temperature and the liquid-solid ratio and decreasing the particle size of the sample.

关 键 词：锗 真空炉渣 盐酸 氯化钙 浸出动力学 

分 类 号：TF805.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]