近30a来雅鲁藏布江流域冰川系统特征遥感研究及典型冰川变化分析  

Analysis of the Characteristics of the Glacier System and Typical Glacier Change Based on Remote Sensing in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin during the Past 30 Years

作　　者：聂宁[1,2] 张智杰[3] 张万昌[2] 邓财[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,江苏南京210093 [2]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所数字地球重点实验室,北京100094 [3]南京邮电大学自动化学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2013年第3期541-552,共12页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2010CB951404);自然科学基金项目(41175088;40971024)资助

摘　　要：综合运用RS和GIS手段,利用卫星遥感影像,结合中国第一次冰川编目数据及数字高程模型(DEM),获取了雅鲁藏布江流域不同朝向上冰川面积分布、冰川面积随高度带分布状况统计结果,及3个冰川聚集区21条大型海洋性冰川在1976、1988、2005年的冰川面积、厚度、冰储量及物质平衡线等基本参数,丰富了该研究区相关冰川信息,并统计分析了21条大型冰川面积变化状况及与气候变化的响应关系.研究表明:3个区域冰川在1976—1988年和1988—2005年时间段内随着气温、降水的变化出现了相应的波动,但总的来说在1976—2005年间,这21条大型海洋性冰川并没有出现明显的前进或退缩现象,这可能是由于降水的增加抵消了气温升高给冰川积累带来的不利影响,也可能是由于大型冰川在高海拔地区有较大的积累区补给造成的,进一步的研究亦在进展中.By means of RS and GIS techniques,in association with the first glacier inventory data and digital elevation model,statistical studies concerning with the orientation and the altitudinal distributions of glacierized areas in Yarlung Zangbo River basin,and individual glacierized area,average ice thickness and ice volume as well as mass balance and equilibrium line fluctuations for 21 selected large marine glaciers in 1976,1988,2005 were conducted.The results enrich the information of the first glacier inventory considerably for the studied basin.The glacierized area changes of the 21 marine glaciers,together with their response to climate change,were also statistically analyzed.The study results suggested that the large marine glaciers,developing over three different climate environments,had shown fluctuation in response to the variation in temperature and precipitation during 1976-1988 and 1988-2005,respectively.Generally speaking,however,no significant advance or retreat could be seen from the 21 large marine glaciers.This was possibly due to the rising precipitation having offset the negative effect of rising temperature on glacier mass balance.Alternatively,there could be a supplementing effect in the accumulation area over high altitude for large glacier.Further study on this issue will be undertaken for much concrete conclusions.

关 键 词：雅鲁藏布江 高度带 朝向 冰川变化 气候响应 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]