1960-2010年黑河流域冰川变化的遥感监测  

Monitoring Glacier Variation in the Upper Reaches of the Heihe River Based on Remote Sensing in 1960-2010

作　　者：别强[1] 强文丽[2] 王超[1] 何磊[1] 赵传燕[3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]兰州大学草地农业系统国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2013年第3期574-582,共9页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(91025015;30770387);环境保护公益性行业科研专项(200809098)资助

摘　　要：利用1960年地形图、1990年、2000年和2010年TM影像,采用基于冰雪指数(NDSII)和原始波段的面向对象解译方法,提取黑河流域4个时期的冰川分布,结合30m分辨率的DEM数据,利用遥感、地理信息系统技术对冰川的时空分布变化及原因和不确定性进行分析.结果表明:从1960-2010年50a间黑河流域上游冰川持续退缩,面积共减少138.90km2,减少率为35.6%,平均每年减少2.78km2,祁连山中段冰川属于强烈退缩型.祁连山中段黑河流域冰川主要分布在海拔4 200～5 300m之间,冰川分布下限为海拔4 000m;冰川退缩主要发生在低海拔地区,冰川的退缩上限为海拔4 600m.气温的显著上升是研究区冰川退缩的关键因素,气候持续变暖将会导致冰川退缩加剧.The upper reaches of the Heihe River was selected as a study area.Based on topographic maps in 1960 and Landsat TM images in 1990,2000 and 2010,glaciers distribution for four periods have been automatically derived by object-oriented image interpretation method combined with expert knowledge.Spatial-temporal distribution and changes of glaciers are analyzed with GIS an RS method.It is found that during 1960 2010,glaciers had shrunk significantly by 138.90 km2 in total,and the ratio of retreated glacierized area to the glacierized area in 1960 is 35.6%,with a retreating rate of 2.78 km2 per year.Glaciers are mainly located in the western and middle portions of the study area,ranging from 4 200 to 5 300 m in altitude.The lower limit of glacier distribution is 4 000 m.The glacier retreat is found in the low elevation with an upper limit of 4 600 m a.s.l.Air temperature rising is considered to be the key factor of glacier retreat in this region.Glaciers will markedly shrink owing to continuous climate warming.

关 键 词：黑河流域 冰川退缩 遥感 气候变化 GIS&RS 面向对象解译方法 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]