温室膜下沟灌水氮耦合对番茄品质的影响与评价研究  

Impact of water and nitrogen coupling on quality of greenhouse tomato with furrow irrigation under film

作　　者：石小虎[1] 曹红霞[1] 杜太生[2] 牛云慧[1] 王雪梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2013年第3期79-82,105,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项(201001061);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2012JM3004);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(QN2011022)

摘　　要：以温室番茄为试材,研究了膜下沟灌水氮耦合对番茄一些品质指标(有机酸、可溶性糖、Vc、硝酸盐、糖酸比)的影响,并采用主成分分析法对其进行多目标综合评价。试验设置1485 m3.hm-2、2080m3.hm-2两个灌水水平和225 kg.hm-2、410 kg.hm-2和630 kg.hm-2三个施氮水平。结果表明,灌水量和施氮量作为单一因子和水氮交互作用对番茄不同品质指标影响均不同;增加灌水量,可提高番茄果实有机酸、硝酸盐含量;施氮过多或过少可降低番茄果实可溶性糖含量、Vc含量、糖酸比;果实中硝酸盐含量随施氮量的增加而提高,随灌水量的增加而降低。采用主成分分析法对番茄品质指标进行多目标综合评价,得到综合评价最高的处理为低水中氮(W1485N410)处理,综合评价最低的处理为高水高氮(W2080N630)处理。Impact of water and nitrogen coupling on tomato quality indicators（organic acids,soluble sugar,Vc,nitrate,sugar acid ratio） with furrow irrigation under film was studied in this paper by using multi-objective evaluation with principal component analysis.Two irrigation levels（1485 m3·hm-2 and 2080 m3·hm-2） and three N levels（225 kg·hm-2,410 kg·hm-2 and 630 kg·hm-2） were used in this study.The results showed that irrigation and nitrogen amount as a single factor,in combination with water and nitrogen interaction,affected tomato quality indicators in different degrees.Increasing irrigation amount improved tomato fruit organic acids,nitrate content;while excess or lack of nitrogen reduced tomato fruit soluble sugar content,Vc content,sugar acid ratio.Nitrate content in the fruit increased with increase of nitrogen,decreased with increase of irrigation volume.By using multi-objective evaluation of tomato quality indicators with principle component analysis,we draw conclusion that low water medium nitrogen process（W1485N410） had highest colligate index,on other hand,high water high nitrogen process（W2080N630） had the lowest one.

关 键 词：膜下沟灌 水氮耦合 番茄 品质 主成分分析法 综合评价 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S625.58[农业科学—园艺学]