盐度对日本蟳免疫生理指标及消化酶活力的影响  

Effects of Salinity on Immunity-related Indicators and Digestive Enzyme Activities in Asian Swimming Crab Charybdis japonica

作　　者：许星鸿[1] 阎斌伦[1] 徐加涛[1] 鲁健萍[1] 周黎[1] 刘艳晴 董艳秋[1] 张雁秋[2] 

机构地区：[1]淮海工学院海洋学院,江苏连云港222005 [2]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221008

出　　处：《水产科学》2013年第7期373-379,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：中央财政支持地方高校发展专项资金项目(CXTD29);江苏省科技厅苏北科技发展计划项目(BN2010026);江苏省大学生创新项目(2011016)

摘　　要：15℃下测定了不同盐度(15、20、25、30、35)对体质量(87.22±20.71)g的日本蟳免疫相关指标(血细胞密度、血蓝蛋白含量、酚氧化酶、溶菌酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活力、过氧化代谢产物丙二醛含量)和中肠腺消化酶(酸性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶和脂肪酶)活力的影响。试验结果表明,血细胞密度与盐度呈正相关,盐度对血蓝蛋白含量无显著影响。盐度30组的酚氧化酶活力、盐度20和30组的溶菌酶活力先升后降,而盐度15、20和35组的酚氧化酶活力、盐度15和35组的溶菌酶活力先降后升再降。至处理第5d,各试验组的酚氧化酶与溶菌酶的活力为:盐度25>20>30>15>35。盐度变化后,超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活力均表现为先升后降,而丙二醛含量先降后升,至处理第5d,以盐度15和35组的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活力较低,而丙二醛含量显著高于其他试验组(P<0.05)。盐度20组的淀粉酶与纤维素酶活力最高,盐度25组的酸性蛋白酶和脂肪酶活力最高,盐度30组的碱性蛋白酶活力最高,而盐度15组的5种消化酶活力均为最低。盐度20～30为日本蟳较适宜的环境条件,而盐度15与35条件下会引起其免疫能力和消化酶活力的明显降低。超氧化物歧化酶活力和丙二醛含量长期变化情况可作为衡量日本蟳在盐度变化下免疫状态的指标。The changes in some immunity-related indicators and digestive enzyme activities were tested in hemolymph and hepatopancreas of Asian swimming crab Charybdis japonica collected on 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days under various salinities of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 to evaluate the effects of salinity on density of hemocyte （DHC）, hemocyanin content, activities of the phenoloxidase （PO）, lysozyme （LSZ）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT）, and malondialdehyde （MDA） content and activities of acid protease, alkali protease, lipase, amylase and cellulase. The results showed that DHC was found to be correlated positively with salinity, no significant effect on hemocyanin content. The PO activity at a salinity of 30 and LSZ activity at a salinity of 20 and 30 were shown to be increase first and then decline, while the PO activity in a salinity of 15, 20 and 35, and the LSZ activity in a salinity of 15 and 35 were first decreased, then increased, and dropped again. After 5 days, the activities of PO and LSZ were descendantly arranged as salinity 25 - 20 - 30 - 15 - 35. The activities of SOD and CAT were first increased and then decreased, the opposite tendency being the change in MDA content. On day 5, the activities of SOD and CAT were lower in a salinity of 15 and 35 than those in other treatments with higher MDA content （P〈0.05）. The maximal activities of amylase and cellulase were observed in a salinity of 20, the maximal activities of acid protease and lipase in a salinity of 25, and the maximal alkali protease in a salinity of 30. The minimal activities of 5 digestive enzymes were found in a salinity of 15. The findings indicated that Asian swimming crab had a suitable salinity of 20-30 for immunity, with significantly lower activities of digestive enzymes under a salinity of 15 and 35. It is suggested that variation in activity of SOD and content of MDA be used as an indicator for immune state of Asian swimming crab under different salinity.

关 键 词：盐度 日本蟳 免疫指标 消化酶 

分 类 号：S968.25[农业科学—水产养殖]