国共内战前后英国对国民党的态度演变——以英国档案文献为中心的考察  

Britain's Changes in Attitudes toward KMT around Chinese Civil War——Based on the British Documents on China

作　　者：奚庆庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学历史与社会学院,安徽芜湖241003

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第4期486-493,共8页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Hum.&Soc.Sci.)

基　　金：安徽师范大学人才培育项目(160-721211)

摘　　要：国共内战前后,英国对国民党的态度演变大致可分为三个阶段:抗战后到内战全面爆发,英国沿袭了抗战时期对国民党的"反感"与"批评"态度;内战全面爆发后到1948年进入战略决战,英国配合美国执行扶蒋反共政策;1948年后直至内战结束,英国抛弃国民党及其政府,努力与中共和好合作。国民党在与中共的内战较量中逐渐走向失利、英国对苏式共产主义扩张的恐惧以及力保持续拥有香港,是内战前后英国对国民党由支持转为抛弃的重要原因。但这充分体现了英国以追求国家利益尤其是国家经济利益最大化为目标的现实主义外交传统。Abstract： Britain＇s changes in attitudes toward the KMT around the Chinese Civil War can be divided into three pcricds： From the early stage after the Anti- Japanese War to the Chinese Civil War＇s totally out- break, Britain Iollowed up ＂disgust＂ and ＂criticism＂ toward the KMT during the Anti - Japanese War; from the outbreak of the Chinese civil war to the decisive battles in 1948, Britain cooperating with the USA im- plemented a policy of assisting the KMT while opposing CCP; from 1948 to the end of the Chinese Civil War, Britain abandoned the KMT government and tried to reconcile with CCP simultaneously. The KMT lost ground gradually during the battle with CCP. Britain was afraid of Soviet Communism＇s spread over China and sure to possess Hong Kong continuously. They choose to abandon the KMT and its government at last. The ain＇s foreign policy, whose aim is to pursue national interest, were important reasons which made Britain reasons above manifested the tradition of Brit- especially maximize its nationa｜ interests.

关 键 词：国共内战 英国 国民党 利益 

分 类 号：K5[历史地理—历史学]