伊犁河流域土壤重金属含量空间分布及其环境现状研究  

Study of Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metal Elements Content and Its Environment Status in the Ili River Valley Region

作　　者：陈洪[1] 特拉津.那斯尔 杨剑虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆北碚400715 [2]伊犁职业技术学院,新疆伊犁835000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第3期100-105,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研重点项目"伊犁河流域土壤重金属环境地球化学基线研究"(XJEDU2010157)

摘　　要：以新疆伊犁河流域地区作为研究区域,在对研究区域典型土壤样品中重金属元素Cu、Pb、As、Hg的含量分析基础上,运用GIS地统计学知识分析研究区域土壤Cu、Pb、As、Hg含量的空间分布特征。结果显示:土壤中Cu、Pb、As含量都明显高于新疆土壤背景值,而Hg含量则是显著低于新疆土壤背景值,各元素在研究区域土壤中均表现出不同程度的变异性,其中土壤中As含量的变异程度最大;通过空间分析发现,土壤中Cu、As、Hg含量均表现出中等程度空间相关性,其空间分布受随机因子和结构因子的双重影响,其中土壤As含量受随机因子的影响最大,而土壤Pb含量表现出强烈的空间相关性,主要受结构因子影响。采用内梅罗指数评价法对土壤Cu、Pb、As、Hg含量进行环境污染评价,评价结果显示,土壤Hg尚未受到污染;土壤Cu、Pb属于中度污染,局部地区属于轻度污染;土壤As属于重度污染,其中霍城县、伊宁县、伊宁市、察布查尔县污染现象极为严重。In this paper,the Ili River valley region as a study area,the heavy metal elements such as Cu,Pb,As and Hg content in 103 soil samples were measured to analyze spatial distribution of Cu,Pb,As and Hg by geostatistical analysis.The results indicated that Cu,Pb,As content in the soil were significantly higher than the background value of soil in Xinjiang,and Hg content was opposite.The heavy metal in the soil of the study area exhibited variability at different degree,which As in the soil sample exhibited the largest variation degree.Spatial analysis indicated that Cu,As,Hg content in the soil samples was moderate spatial correlation,which were affected by the dual influence of random factor and structure factor.As content in the soil had the most influence on random factor,and Pb was strong spatial correlation,mainly influenced by the structure factor.The Nemerow index evaluation method was used to evaluate environmental pollution caused by Cu,Pb,As and Hg in the soil.The results showed that the soil in the studied region was not polluted by Hg.Overall,the soil in the studied region was polluted by Cu and Pb moderately,but the degree of pollution was less in some survey areas.The soil was polluted heavily by As,especially pollution phenomenon in Huocheng county,Yining county,Yining city and Qapqal county.

关 键 词：伊犁河流域 土壤重金属 空间分布 污染评价 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]