晋西黄土区不同土地利用方式对土壤物理性质的影响  

Effects of Land Use Types on Soil Physical Properties in Loess Plateau of Western Shanxi

作　　者：李民义[1] 张建军[1] 王春香[1] 王丹丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第3期125-130,137,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD38B0603)

摘　　要：通过野外调查与室内实验相结合的方法,对晋西黄土区5种土地利用方式的土壤容重、土壤孔隙度及贮水量、土壤微团聚体分形特征进行了对比分析,以期为该地区土壤结构的改良提供理论指导。结果表明:各土地利用方式下随着土层深度的增加,土壤容重均显著增大,土壤孔隙度均显著下降,人工混交林土壤物理结构最好,荒草地最差;土壤0-50cm贮水能力依次为人工混交林(74.56±14.96)mm>人工纯林(72.13±8.63)mm>经济林地(65.51±6.43)mm>农地(61.38±9.55)mm>荒草地(55.19±13.18)mm,其中人工混交林与人工纯林,农地和经济林地之间无显著差异,荒草地与其他土地利用类型均差异显著;土壤微团聚体平均分形维数(D)表现为荒草地(2.37±0.07)>农地(2.32±0.08)>经济林地(2.25±0.06)>人工纯林(2.09±0.05)>人工混交林(2.07±0.08);土壤微团聚体分形维数(D)与土壤容重,0～0.005mm,0.005～0.01mm和0.01～0.05mm粒级土壤微团聚体体积分数均呈极显著正相关关系,与土壤各孔隙度及其所对应的贮水量和0.05～0.25mm粒级土壤微团聚体体积分数均呈极显著负相关关系。Taking five land use types in the Loess Plateau of western Shanxi province,northern China as research object,bulk density,soil porosity,soil water-holding capacity and fractal features of soil micro-aggregates were studied based on field survey and laboratory experiments.The results showed that bulk density increased and soil porosity decreased significantly with increasing the soil depth,and soil physical structure of mixed plantation was the best,grassland was the worst.The order of the water-holding capacity of 0-50 cm soil layer was mixed plantation（74.56±14.96） mm planted pure forest（72.13±8.63） mm economic forest（65.51±6.43） mm agricultural land（61.38±9.55） mm grassland（55.19±13.18） mm,and there were no significant differences between mixed plantation and planted pure forest,between agricultural land and economic forest,while grassland had a significant difference with other four types.The order of the fractal dimension of soil micro-aggregates（D） was grassland（2.37±0.07） agricultural land（2.32±0.08） economic forest（2.25±0.06） planted pure forest（2.09±0.05） mixed plantation（2.07±0.08）.Correlation coefficient analysis showed that the fractal dimension of soil micro-aggregates（D） had high significant positive correlations with bulk density,the volume fraction of 0～0.005 mm,0.005～0.01 mm and 0.01～0.05 mm soil micro-aggregates,while it had high significant negative correlations with soil porosity,soil water-holding capacity and the volume fraction of 0.05～0.25 mm soil micro-aggregates.

关 键 词：土地利用方式 土壤容重 土壤孔隙度 土壤贮水能力 土壤微团聚体分形特征 

分 类 号：S152.3[农业科学—土壤学] S152.5[农业科学—农业基础科学]