稻草原位还田对双季稻田土壤理化与生物学性状的影响  

Effects of Rice Straw Incorporation on Soil Physical,Chemical and Biological Properties in Double Cropping Paddy Fields

作　　者：曾研华[1,2,3] 吴建富[1] 潘晓华[1] 石庆华[1] 朱德峰[3] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,教育部作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,南昌330045 [2]中国水稻研究所,水稻生物学国家重点实验室,杭州310006 [3]南京农业大学农学院,南京210095

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第3期150-155,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B04);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B14);江西省科技支撑计划重点项目(2009BNA03800);南昌市科技局科技支撑计划重点项目(农业支撑计划第36)

摘　　要：于2010-2011年通过大田试验研究等量施肥条件下稻草不同原位还田方式(稻草全量还田、稻草烧灰还田和稻草不还田)对双季稻田土壤理化特性和生物学性状的影响。结果表明:稻草全量还田2年(4季)有利于改善土壤物理性状和提高耕作层土壤有机质、不同形态碳素、碱解氮、速效氮和缓效钾含量。土壤中3大类微生物总量以稻草还田处理大于稻草不还田和稻草烧灰还田,其土壤细菌、真菌的数量增加,而放线菌的数量减少;土壤蔗糖酶活性明显增加,而脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性变化不大。土壤脲酶活性与土壤全氮含量呈显著相关,蔗糖酶活性与有机质、全氮含量呈显著或极显著相关,过氧化氢酶活性与全氮、碱解氮和速效钾含量呈显著或极显著相关。To study the effects rice straw incorporation measures（e.g.,total rice straw incorporation,rice straw incineration and rice straw no-incorporation） on soil physical,chemical and biological properties in a double cropping paddy field with the same N,P,K fertilizer,the field experiment was conducted from 2010 to 2011.The results showed that rice straw incorporation treatment for two year（four crops） improved soil physical properties,and increased soil organic matter,carbon content of different forms and the content of soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available nitrogen and slowly available potassium in the soil arable layer.Results indicated that rice straw incorporation treatment field was more than rice straw incineration and rice straw no-incorporation in total amount of three groups of soil microorganism.In rice straw incorporation field,the amount of soil bacteria and soil fungus increased,while that of soil actinomyces reduced.Soil invertase activity significantly increased,while soil urease and catalase activity changed little.By correlation analysis,it showed that soil urease activity had a significant correlation with soil total N,soil invertase activity had a significant or very significant correlation with soil organic matter,total N,soil catalase activity had a significant or very significant correlation with soil total N,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and available potassium.

关 键 词：稻草原位还田 双季稻田 土壤理化性质 土壤生物学性质 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学] S158.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]