休耕轮作对黑土酸化的影响  

Influence of Fallow Rotation on the Black Soil Acidification

作　　者：邓琳璐[1] 王继红[1] 刘景双[2] 石峰[1] 孔凡建[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130118

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第3期184-188,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071160);吉林省科技厅项目(20126031)

摘　　要：通过长期定位试验,在吉林省德惠市采集休耕轮作的土壤样品,研究休耕轮作对土壤pH值及土壤交换性H+、Al 3+的影响;休耕轮作对土壤阳离子交换性能的影响;休耕轮作的土壤pH值与各相关理化性状的相关性;休耕轮作对土壤缓冲性能的影响以及对酸化速率的影响。结果表明:(1)土壤经过休耕轮作后,土壤酸化得到缓解,土壤交换性酸(交换性H+和交换性Al 3+)呈下降的趋势,土壤pH随着交换性酸的降低而升高;交换性H+和交换性Al 3+含量随土壤有机质含量的增加而减小。(2)休耕轮作措施能够增加土壤中阳离子交换量及盐基饱和度;(3)土壤pH与各盐基阳离子的相关性大小依次为Ca2+>Na+>K+>Mg2+,并且交换性Ca2+含量最多,占盐基总量的89%～95%,对盐基饱和度贡献最大;(4)休耕轮作措施能够增加土壤的酸碱缓冲容量,休耕轮作后的土壤最高酸碱缓冲容量是长期连作土壤酸碱缓冲容量的2倍以上,从而增强了土壤对酸碱的缓冲性能,并且降低了土壤的酸化速率。In order to study the effect of fallow rotation on soil pH and soil exchangeable H＋ and Al3＋,to study the influence of fallow rotation on soil cation exchange performance,to investigate the correlation between soil pH with soil physical and chemical properties of the fallow rotation,and to study the effect of allow rotation on soil buffering capacity and soil acidification rate,the soil samples were collected in Dehui of Jilin province.The results showed that：（1）Soil acidification was alleviated,and soil exchangeable acid（exchangeable H＋ and Al3＋） was decreased,soil pH increased with decreasing exchangeable acidity,and the contents of exchangeable H＋,exchangeable Al3＋ decreased with increasing soil organic matter content after a fallow rotation.（2）Fallow rotation measures could increase soil cation exchange capacity and soil percentage base saturation.（3）The correlation between soil pH and each base-cation was that Ca2＋ Na＋ K＋ Mg2＋.Exchangeable Ca2＋ content which accounted for 89%～95% of the sum of base cations was the most,and it was the greatest contribution to percentage base saturation.（4）The fallow rotation measures could increase soil acidalkali buffering capacity.The highest soil acidalkali buffering capacity through the fallow rotation was more than 2 times that through a long-term continuous cropping,thus the buffering performance of soil pH enhanced,and the soil acidification rate reduced.

关 键 词：休耕轮作 土壤PH 盐基饱和度 缓冲容量 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学] S153[农业科学—农业基础科学]