不同海拔梯度嵩草种子的萌发机制  

Research on germination of Tibet Kobresia from different altitudes

作　　者：褚希彤[1] 付娟娟[1] 孙永芳[1] 益西措姆[2] 苗彦军[2] 许岳飞[1] 呼天明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西藏农牧学院植物科学学院,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《草业科学》2013年第7期1025-1030,共6页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD17B05);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B03);国家公益性行业(农业)科技项目(200903060);西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费专项基金项目(QN2011100);西藏自治区科技厅项目(2013NM016)

摘　　要：用4种不同试剂(KNO3、H2SO4、NaOH和温水)分别对西藏地区不同海拔梯度下的5种嵩草[四川嵩草(Kobresia setchwanensis)、喜马拉雅嵩草(K.royleana)、藏北嵩草(K.littledalei)、线叶嵩草(K.capillifolia)和高山嵩草(K.pygmaea)]进行浸种处理,以研究嵩草的萌发特性。结果表明,4种不同试剂处理均能显著影响各种嵩草种子的发芽势、发芽率以及嵩草幼苗的苗长和根长,且不同种子来源对发芽势、发芽率的影响较大,而不同试剂处理对幼苗苗长和根长的影响更大(P<0.05)。40%的NaOH溶液浸种后,四川嵩草和藏北嵩草发芽率分别达到98.00%和73.33%,且后者与对照差异显著(P<0.05)。NaOH浸种是增加嵩草幼苗高度的最优方法,将5种嵩草幼苗高度提高了13.0mm以上,KNO3、H2SO4和温水对5种西藏嵩草种子的发芽均有一定的作用。Kobresia has poor germination condition under natural environment. Potassium nitrate solution, sulphuric acid, sodium hydroxide solution and warm water were used to treat five species of Kobresia （K. setchwanensis, K. royleana, K. littledalei, K. capilli folia and K. pygmaea） seeds from different alti-tudes in this study. The results revealed that differences among cultivars and four treatments have signifi-cant impacts on germination potential, germination rate, shoot length and root length, and the effect of various cultivars on germination potential and germination rate was great. The best method of increasing shoot length for K. setchvoa,lensis and K. littledalei is to immerse seeds in 40~ sodium hydroxide solution. Under this treatiment the germination rate of those twoo grass are 98. 00~ and 73. 33~ respectively, and the latter reached a significant level compared with controlled trails. All the five cultivars of Kobresia shoot length reach highest with treatments of sodium hydroxide solution, which are more than 13.00 ram. Potassium nitrate solution, sulphuric acid and warm water also have implications for five cultivars of Kobresia.

关 键 词：嵩草 海拔 发芽势 发芽率 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S548[农业科学—作物学]