玉米季施氮量对后茬冬小麦氮素供应和产量的影响  

Effect of Residual Nitrogen Applied to Summer Maize on the N Supply and Grain Yield of the Following Winter Wheat

作　　者：仝星星[1] 张洪生[1] 杨锦忠[1] 姜雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学与植物保护学院,山东省旱作农业技术重点实验室,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《华北农学报》2013年第3期171-174,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203079);粮食丰产科技工程项目(2011BAD16B09),粮食丰产科技工程项目(2012BAD04B05);山东省“泰山学者建设工程”专项经费项目

摘　　要：以青麦6号为试验材料,研究了小麦玉米轮作制度下夏玉米季缓释氮肥施用量(0,150,225,300 kg/hm2)对后茬冬小麦土壤氮含量、分布及冬小麦氮素利用的影响。结果表明:与对照(不施氮)相比,夏玉米施氮肥明显增加了后茬冬小麦季土壤0～80 cm各土层全氮含量,尤其当施氮量达到300 kg/hm2时,氮肥在小麦季土壤中大量积累;小麦各生育期植株地上部氮素积累量随着夏玉米施氮量的增加而增加,而氮素向籽粒转移率呈先增加后降低趋势;夏玉米季施氮量对小麦干物质和籽粒产量影响显著,当夏玉米施氮225 kg/hm2时,干物质和籽粒产量值均最高,过量施氮则导致冬小麦干物质和籽粒产量下降。In order to determine the effects of residual nitrogen applied to summer maize on the soil and plant N nutrition and grain yield of the following winter wheat,in summer season,three rates of nitrogen fertilizer（i.e.0,150,225,300 kg/ha） with the slow release nitrogen fertilizer were applied,winter wheat cultivar Qingmai 6 was used for this study.Compared with control（without N fertilizer application）,the application of N fertilizer to summer maize increased the soil total N content in the 0-80 cm soil profiles during the whole wheat season,especially when N application reached 300 kg/ha,surplus N was left in the soil in following wheat season.With the increased N supply,the N accumulation aboveground in wheat was also increased,while,the rate of nitrogen translocation to grain increased firstly and then decreased.The application of N to summer maize had a remarkable effect on the dry matter and grain yield of following wheat,and both reached the high value when the N application was 225 kg/ha,while surplus N application induced the decreased yield and dry matter of wheat.

关 键 词：缓释氮肥 施氮量 氮素转移率 土壤全氮 冬小麦 产量 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学] S143