镉和铬急性染毒对中华稻蝗解毒酶及多酚氧化酶的影响  

Acute Effects of Cd^(2+) and Cr^(6+) on Detoxification Enzymes and Polyphenol Oxidase in Oxya chinensis

作　　者：刘耀明[1] 杨慧敏[1] 张育平[1,2] 吴海花[1] 张建珍[1] 马恩波[1] 郭亚平[3] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学应用生物学研究所,太原030006 [2]太原师范学院生物系,太原030031 [3]山西大学生命科学学院,太原030006

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2013年第7期1321-1327,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31071980);山西省自然科学基金项目(2011011033-1)

摘　　要：为了解重金属对生物体营养物质的消化、吸收、代谢以及对昆虫的毒性效应,研究了重金属镉和铬急性染毒对中华稻蝗5龄若虫几种代谢解毒酶及多酚氧化酶活性的影响。研究结果显示:高浓度镉和铬分别在48h和72h激活CarE活性;当镉处理中华稻蝗96h后,体内ACP活性下降;铬染毒72h后,AKP活性升高,而铬作用24h和48h后,ACP活性表现为在低浓度处理组中被激活,高浓度处理组中被抑制;镉处理48h后,GST活性升高,铬处理72h和96h,GST有升高的趋势;镉处理24h和铬处理96h后PPO活性降低。这些结果表明,镉和铬染毒后,中华稻蝗体内代谢解毒酶及多酚氧化酶活性发生变化,这种变化与重金属的浓度及作用时间密切相关。Acute effects of Cd^2＋ and Cr^6＋ on detoxification enzymes and polyphenol oxidase（CarE, GST, ACP, AKP and PPO） in 5th instar nymphs of Oxya chinensis were studied under laboratory control condition. The results showed that CarE activities were activated after insects were exposed to the highest concentration of Cd^2＋（7.08 mg·kg^-1） for 48 h and Cr^6＋（3.40 mg·kg^-1） for 72 h, respectively. ACP activity was inhibited by Cd^2＋ at 96 h. AKP activity increased-in exposed to Cr^6＋ for 72 h. However, ACP activity increased at the lower concentration of 1.80 mg·kg^-1 Cr^6＋ and declined at the higher concentration of 3.40 mg·kg^-1 Cr^6＋ at 24 h and 48 h. GST activites were increased by Cd^2＋ at 48 h and by Cr^6＋ at 72 h and 96 h, respectively. PPO activities were decreased by Cd^2＋ at 24 h and by Cr^6＋ at 96 h, respectively. These results indicated that detoxification enzymes and polyphenol oxidase activity changed in response to toxic effects of heavy metal（Cd and Cr）, while the changes were related with the exposed dose and time of heavy metal.

关 键 词：镉 铬 代谢酶 多酚氧化酶 中华稻蝗 

分 类 号：X503.223[环境科学与工程—环境工程]