高分子涂层制备技术研究进展  

Recent development of fabrication technologies for high molecular weight organic coatings

作　　者：李建昌[1] 李宏宇[1] 林小星[1] 陈建 杨贻谋 

机构地区：[1]东北大学机械工程与自动化学院真空流体工程研究中心,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]大立光电复合材料(上海)有限公司,上海201613

出　　处：《真空》2013年第4期6-14,共9页Vacuum

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(N110403001)

摘　　要：高分子涂层具有阻隔、耐腐蚀、耐摩擦、防潮湿和绝缘等优点,广泛应用于航空航天、机械等领域。本文综述了高分子涂层的制备,发现其制备方法具有多样性,但多在大气环境中进行,存在高温分解、涂层内应力大和衬底结合力差等问题。对聚酰亚胺薄膜制备研究表明,溶胶-凝胶薄膜存在大量微孔,干燥过程中逸出气体及有机物易产生收缩效应,降低涂层与基底的结合强度;气相沉积聚合法所制薄膜均匀性不易控制,易受挥发溶剂影响;缩聚法对设备要求较高,适于实验室研究。真空喷射法作为一种新方法,可弥补上述不足,具有良好的应用前景,有待进一步研究。Organic coatings of high molecular-weight materials, owing to their excellent performances such as barrier ability, resistance of corrosion, rub and moisture, and good insulation, are widely used in fields of machinery, communication, aircraft and aerospace. The growth technologies for those coatings are reviewed in this article. It is shown that most of the fabrications are cmTied out under atmospheric conditions leading to a lot of disadvantages such as pyrolysis, large internal stress and poor adhesion. Study of polyimide growth indicates that there exists a large amount of micro-pores in sol-gel coatings. Fihn shrinkage is inevitable in drying process due to effects of ontgassing and evaporation of organic solvents, which may lower bonding strength between the coating and substrate. It is difficult to control coating uniformity in the approach of vapor deposition polymerization because of solvent evaporation. Polycondensation is suitable for laboratoT3z research due to the high cost, while vacuum spray deposition has a good application prospect.

关 键 词：高分子 有机涂层 真空喷射法 聚酰亚胺 太阳能电池 

分 类 号：TH145.4[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]