扁玉螺多糖的提取、分离和结构分析  

Extraction,separation and structural characterization of polysaccharides from Neverita didyma

作　　者：邢晓旭[1] 赵峡[1] 李大敬 于广利[1] 殷秀红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋药物教育部重点实验室,山东省糖科学与糖工程重点实验室,医药学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋药物》2013年第4期15-22,共8页Chinese Journal of Marine Drugs

基　　金：国家海洋局公益性行业专项(201005024);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2013BAB01B02);青岛市科技局项目(11-2-2-1-hy)资助

摘　　要：目的从扁玉螺(Neverita didyma)中提取和分离纯化多糖,并对其基本理化性质和结构组成进行分析。方法依次采用水提和碱提方法从扁玉螺中提取粗多糖,采用DEAE Sepharose FF阴离子交换和Sephacryl S-300凝胶柱层析对粗多糖进行分离纯化,并对其总糖、蛋白、氨基糖、糖醛酸和硫酸根含量,相对分子质量和单糖组成进行分析。对多糖纯化组分采用甲基化、气质联用(GC-MS)、红外光谱(IR)、电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)和核磁共振波谱(NMR)对其化学结构进行分析。结果扁玉螺水提粗多糖(BYL-S)中不含有糖醛酸和硫酸基,其单糖组成只含Glc,进一步分离得到了4种水溶性多糖组分。碱提粗多糖(BYL-J)单糖组成相对复杂,除含有Glc外,还含有Man、GlcN、GalN、Gal和Fuc,其摩尔比为Glc∶Man∶GlcN∶GalN∶Gal∶Fuc=78.9∶1.7∶3.4∶2.2∶5.2∶5.6,进一步分离得到了3种多糖组分。对水提多糖纯化组分BYL-S2的结构分析表明其是以α-(1→4)为主链,含有少量β-(1→3,4)和β-(1→3)分支的D-吡喃型葡聚糖。结论从扁玉螺中提取分离得到了7种多糖组分,并确定了一种水溶性葡聚糖的结构,为扁玉螺多糖结构和活性的深入研究提供了基础。Objective To extract and purify polysaccharides from Neverita didyma, and investigate their chemical properties and structural features. Methods Neverita didyma polysaccharides were extracted by distilled water and alkali solution sequentially, and purified by DEAE Sepharose FF anion-exchange and Sepharcryl S-300 gel-permeation chromatography. The contents of total sugar, protein, uronic acid, sulfate and amino sugar were determined by various chemical methods, and monosaccharide com-positions were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The structure of polysaccharides was characterized by methYlation analysis, GC/MS, FT-IR, ESI-MS and NMR techniques. Results No uronic acid, sulfate and amino sugar were found in the water-extracted polysaccharide （BYL-S） and its monosaccharide composition was simple, which only included Glc. Four water-soluble fractions were i-solated by further purification from BYL-S. While BYL-J had complex monosaccharide composition, in-cluding Glc, Man, GlcN, GAIN, Gal and Fuc,and their molar ratio was Glc ： Man ： GlcN ： GaIN ： Gal： Fuc=78. 9 ： 1.7 ： 3. 4 ： 2.2 ： 5.2 ： 5.6. After further isolation, three fractions were obtained from BYL-J. The structure of BYL-S2 was characterized to be composed of α-（1→4）-glucopyranose, with little β-（1→3,44） and β-（1→3）branched units. Conclusion Seven polysaccharides were separated from Neverita didyma and the structure of a water-soluble polysaccharide （BYL-S2） was determined. These results will provide basis for further research on relationships of structure and activity of Neveri-ta didyrna polysaccharides.

关 键 词：扁玉螺 多糖 提取 分离 结构分析 

分 类 号：R931.74[医药卫生—生药学]