连续3年医院感染现患率及抗菌药物使用调查  

Survey on prevalence rate of healthcare-associated infections and use of antimicrobial agents in three consecutive years

作　　者：周旋[1] 陈晓霞[1] 曲惠红[1] 李雅君[1] 黄国玺[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵阳市第一人民医院医院感染管理科,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第14期3487-3488,3491,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：贵州省卫生厅科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2012-1-090)

摘　　要：目的比较某院2010-2012年医院感染现患率及抗菌药物使用情况,为医院感染预防控制及抗菌药物合理使用提供科学依据。方法对该院2010年7月22日、2011年10月12日、2012年10月16日的住院患者进行调查,对3年的医院感染现患率与抗菌药物临床应用情况进行分析。结果 2010-2012年共调查住院患者2382例,实查率分别为100.00%、100.00%、98.05%;医院感染现患率分别为6.44%、5.04%、3.43%,现患率呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);日抗菌药物使用率分别为39.46%、40.32%、34.66%,日使用率呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2010-2012年以治疗为目的抗菌药物使用率分别为31.8%、31.06%、33.53%,差异无统计学意义;病原学送检率逐年增加,分别为27.84%、57.46%、63.07%,三者间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论医院感染现患率调查有助于了解医院感染的发生情况和控制效果;规范合理使用抗菌药物,减少医院感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence rate of healthcare-associated infections（HAI）and the use of antimicrobial agents in a hospital in 2010,2011 and 2010 so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HAI as well as the reasonable use of antimicrobial agents.METHODS The patients who were hospitalized on Jul 22,2010,Oct 12,2011,or Oct 16,2012 were investigated,then the incidence of nosocomial infections and the clinical application of antibacterials in the consecutive three years were analyzed.RESULTS A total of 2382 cases of hospitalized patients were actually investigated during 2010-2012,and the actual investigation rates were 100.00%,100.00%,and 98.05%,respectively,the prevalence rates of the nosocomial infections were 6.44%,5.04%,and 3.43%,respectively,showing a downward trend,the difference was significant（P0.05）.The daily utilization rates of antibacterial drugs were respectively 39.46%,40.32%,and 34.66%,showing downward trend,the difference was significant（P0.05）.The utilization rates of antibiotics for therapeutic purposes were 31.8%,31.06%,and 33.53%,respectively,the difference was not significant.The etiological submission rate was increased year by year,which was 27.84%in 2010,57.46%in 2011,and 63.07%in 2012,the difference between the three was significant（P0.01）.CONCLUSIONThe investigation of prevalence rate of nosocomial infections can help to understand the incidence of the nosocomial infections and the control effect;the reasonable use of antibiotics can contribute to the reduction in the incidence of the nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]